Ilm

MIASTENIYa (az yun. mys, myos— mushak va astheneia — kamquvvati, bemadori), falaji astenii bulbari, bemorii Erb-Goldflam, bemorii asabu mu­shak. Alomati asosii on zud khastashavii mushakhoi kundalangrakh meboshad. Bemori odatan dar sinni 20—40-solagi cap meshavad. Ba Miasteniya beshtar zanho giriftor meshavand. Az Miasteniya asosan mushakhoi pilki chashm va mushakhoi jovish zarar …

MEHRGIYOH (Mandragora) jinsi rastanihoi bisyorsolaest az oilai avranjiho. Mehrgiyoh poyai khele kutoh do­rad yo bepoya ast. Reshaash gafsi rost, bazan ba shakli odam monand ast. Bargash kalon (daroziash to 80 sm), gulash safedi sabzcha, kabud yo bunafsh, gujummevaash kalon, norinji yo zard. 6 namudi Mehrgiyoh dar kishvarhoi b. Miyonazamin, Osiyoi …

«MEHNATI KIROYa VA KAPITAL», asari K. Marks, ki dar on munosibathoi istehsolii jamiyati burjuazi mufassal tahlil shudaast. Avvalin bor soli 1849 dar «Gazetai navi Reyn» chop shud; notamom mondaast. Ba zaboni rusi bori avval az tarafi guruhi «Ozodkunii mehnat» tarjuma va soli 1883 dar Jeneva chop gardid. S. 1963 ba …

MEZAR (Ut- — asb, rusiash Misar, lot. Migag), sitorai ravshanest, dar «dumi» Dubbi Akbar. Qadri sitoraviash 2,0; ravshanoiash az ravshanoii Oftob 74 marotiba kalon, masofaash az Oftob 27 pk. Bo sitorai Sukho, ki ba arabi savoraro guyand, sitorai dukusharo tashkil medidad. Arabho az rui in du sitorai kusha quvvai bosirai …

MEShANINOV Ivan Ivanovich (6. 12. 1883, Ufa — 16. 1. 1967, Leningrad), zabonshinosi soveti, arkheolog, akad. AF SSSR (1932), Qahramoni Mehnati Sosialiste (1945). Universiteti Peterburg (1907) va Instituti arkheologiyaro (1910) khatm kardaast. Shogirdi akad. N. Ya. Mar r. Direktori Instituti antropologiya, arkheologiya va etnografiyai AF SSSR (1933—37), direktori Instituti zabon …

MEShERYaKOV Aleksandr Mikhaylovich (tav. 12.1.1909, dehai Lipyagin vil. Voronej—3.7.1980, Dushanbe), agrokhimiki soveti, Khodimi Khizmatnishondodai Ilmi RSS Tojikiston (1969), professor (1967). Azoi KPSS az soli 1945. Badi khatmi Akademiyai khojagii qishloqi ba nomi K. A. Timiryazevi Moskva (1931) khodimi ilmii Instituti umumiittifoqii nuri va agrokhokshinosi va soli 1939 mudiri kafedrai agrokhimiya …

MEDA, qismi vasei nai hozima, ki dar on khurok hazm meshavad. Medai hayvonot du khel ast: Medai gadudi yo hozima va Medai mushaki yo jovanda. Medai gadudi dar devoraash gadudhoi hozima dorad. Devorai Medai mushakiro kutikula faro giriftaast. Medai yak qator hayvonhoi bemuhra (baze rudakovokho, pahnkirmho, halqakirmho va g.) ba …

MEKhIKO, shahr, poytakhti Meksika. Markazi iqtisodi, siyosi va madanii mamlakat. Dar jan. kuhsori Meksika, dar balandii 2240 m. voqe ast. Aholiash 13,9 mln naf. (1977, bo atrofash). Iqlimash subtropiki. Miyonai yanv. 11,6° S, iyul mohi garmtarin (apr.) 18° S. Miqdori borishoti solona 757 mm. P. p m. Obi nushoki ham …

MES (Mes), Adam (8. 4. 1869, Freyburg — dek. 1917), sharqshinosi Shaeysari. Huquqi ilohiyot va zaboni Sharqro omukhtaast. Ba in kor u arabshinosi mashhur Teodor Nyoldeke az safarash ba baze shahrhoi Sharq yori kardaand. Avval zabonhoi somi, badtar arabiro az khud kard. Badi nashri asari kalonash «Ehyoi islom» (1922) mashhur …

MEChNIKOV Ilya Ilich (15. 5. 1845, dehai Ivanovka, hozira r-ni Kupyaiski vil. Kharkov — 15. 7. 1916, Parij), biologi rus, yake az asosguzoroni patologiyai muqoisavi, mikrobiologiya va embriologiyai evolyusioni. Azoi fakhrii AF Peterburg (1902). Universiteti Kharkovro (1864) khatm kardaast. Solhoi 1870—82 prof. Universiteti Novorossiysk dar Odessa (holo Universiteti davlatii Odessa …