SALABIHO

SALABIHO (OgsIdaseae), yak oi- lai giyohhoi bisyorsola, epifitho (beshtar dar tropika) va baze lia- nahoro guyand. Salabihoe, ki dar zamin me- sabzand, odatan reshapoya yo reshai lundashakl dorand. Onho asosan dar margzor, shibarzamin, besha, sohili rudhoi kuhy meruyand. Epifitho, yane Salabihoe, ki dar shokhavu tanai darakhton mesabzand, reshai ovezoni havoi dorand. Dar reshai bazei onho fotosintez meshavad. Bargi Salabiho tanazzul yofta, ba pulakchai berang mubaddal shudaast. Poyai bazei onho gafs ast, ki «salab» (tuberidiya) meguyand; onho ob va moddahoi gizoiro gird meorand. Guli gunogunrangi yak yo dujinsa, khushaguli sergul (da- roziash bazan to 2—3 metr), guzai 3— 6-pallai sertukhm (dar yak guza to 3—4 million dona) dorad.

Tukhmi onhoro shamol posh medihad. Salabiho qarib 800 jins va to 30 hazor namudi rastanihoero dar bar megirand, ki dar bisyor kishvarhoi dunyo (makhsusan dar nohiyahoi serrutubati beshazori tropiki va subtropikii Osiyo va Amerika) mamuland. Dar Ittifoqi Respublikahoi Sovetii Sotsialisti Soyuz Sovetskikh Sosialisticheskikh Respublik SSSR besh az 120 namudi khudrui Salabiho hastand. Dar Tojikiston 9 namudi Salabiho malumand: Ei1orIa 1igk1z1ap1sa (joyhoi serru- tubat, shibarzamin, tugayzori janubi respublika; 650—800 metr az sathi bahr), (tuszori sernam, shibarzamin, az qatorkuhi Zarafshon to q-kuhi Pyotri 1 va Pomiri Sharqi; 2100—3100 metr), 3 namudi Er1ras- 1iz (joyhoi sernami nohiyahoi kuhsor), namudhoi nodiri 2eikhshe z1ga- 1oitaIsa (mahalhoi sernami vodii daryoho, dar qatorkuhhoi Hisoru Darvoz), Soe1o£1ozzit utde (archazori nishebihoi qatorkuhi Hisor) va 4 namudi salab — OgsIz (nohiyahoi kuhsor, shibarzamini vodii daryoho). Salabiho rastanihoi oroishiand (Soe1o£u- pe, SaSheua, Uaoaya va gayra). Mevai bazei onhoro dar qannodi va atriyot istifoda mebarand. Az lundabekhi onho (Ogs1z) doru tayyor mekunand.
Adabiyot: Flora Tadjikskoy Sovetskoy Sosialisticheskoy Respubliki, tom 2, Moskva —Leningrad, 1963; Selezieva V. A., Tropi- cheskie i subtropicheskie orkhidei, Moskva, 1965. S. Yunusov.