SAFOLITEPPA

SAFOLITEPPA, boshishgohi asri birinji (hazorai 2 to milod) dar territoriyai hozirai rayoni Gagarini viloyati Surkhon- daryoi Respublikai Sovetii Sotsialistii Uzbekiston. Soli 1968 bostonshinosi soveti L. I. Albaum kashf kard. Solhoi 1969—1974 bostoishinosi uzbek A. A. Askarov tadqiq namud. Masohati umumii boshishgoh taqriban 4 gektar. Dar markazi on qalai chorkunja (80 Kh80 metr2) voqe ast. Qala purra kushoda shud. Dar Safoliteppa qabati maskun khele bad boqi mondaast. Inshooti mudofiavii qala khele murakkab buda az 3 qator devori gafs iborat ast. Devori yakum qalaro az dokhil ihota kardaast. Az beruni chahor tarafi on dutoi khonahoi darozi dolonmonandi rostkunja bunyod gardida, az tarafi qala daromadgoh dorand. Joi kholii bayni devori dokhili vabi- nohoi dolonshaklro bo du qator devorho ba 8 qism judo kardand, ki dar natija bayni devorho guzargoh ba vujud omadaast. Tarikhi sokhtmoni qala ba se davra taqsim meshavad. Dar davrai avval inshootn mudofiavi bunyod gardida, dar davrai duyum dar joyhoi kholii bayni mahallaho binohoi nav sokhta shudaand. Dar davrai seyum mahallaho vase shuda, dar joi kharobai binohoi kuhna imorathoi nav ba vujud omadand.
Kompleksi iqomatgohhoi Safoliteppa az binohoi yak, du va se khonagi (iqomati, khojagi va istehsoli) iborat buda, otashdon (muridor va bemuri) dorand.
Asosi iqtisodiyoti aholii Safolitepparo dehqoni va chorvodori tashkil mekard. Dar boshishgoh kuloli niz inkishof yofta bud. Qarib dar har mahalla khumdoni safoli yoft shudaast. Bostonshinoson dar Safoliteppa 138 qabr kushodand, ki aksariyati onho az zeri farshi binohoi iqomati, zeri devori inshooti mudofiaviyu dolon yoft shudand. Qabrhoi Safoliteppa magokiand. Dar baze holatho mayitro dar chuqurii oddi dafn kardaand. Mayitho bo dastu poi qat, yakpahlu (mardho ba pahlui rost, zanho ba pahlui chap), sarashon dar tarafi shamol khobidaand. Aholii Safoliteppa az jihati antropologi ba shokhai mahallii najodi bahrimiyonazamini taalluq doshtaand. Az qabrho zarfho, asbobi ayonu zinat, ruzgor va oloti mehnat yoft shudaand. Dar natijai hafriyot ma- lum gardid, ki madaniyati Safoliteppa bo madaniyati davrai birinjii Turkmaniston (Namozgohteppa V va VI), Afgoniston (Mundigak VI), Eron (Hisor III, Shahri Sokhta) robitai nazdik doshtaast. Madaniyati Safoliteppa dar borai dar choryaki duyumi hazorai 2 to milod dar Osiyoi Miyona intishor yoftani madaniyati shahrhoi Sharqi Qadim shahodat medihad.
Adabiyot: Askarov A., Sapallitepa, Tashkent, 1973; D o d j a e v T. K., Antropologicheskiy sostav naseleniya epokhi bronzi Sapallitepa, Tashkent, 1977. L. T. Pyankova.