MEChNIKOV Ilya Ilich

MEChNIKOV Ilya Ilich (15. 5. 1845, dehai Ivanovka, hozira r-ni Kupyaiski vil. Kharkov — 15. 7. 1916, Parij), biologi rus, yake az asosguzoroni patologiyai muqoisavi, mikrobiologiya va embriologiyai evolyusioni. Azoi fakhrii AF Peterburg (1902).

Universiteti Kharkovro (1864) khatm kardaast. Solhoi 1870—82 prof. Universiteti Novorossiysk dar Odessa (holo Universiteti davlatii Odessa ba nami I. I. Mechnikov). Soli 1886 bo hamrohii N. F. Gamaleya yakumin st. bakteriologii rusro baroi muboriza bo bemorihoi siroyati tashkil kard. S. 1887 ba Parij omada, dar Instituti L. Paster kor kard. Bo hamrohii A. O. Kovalevskiy qonuniyathoi umumii inkishofi hayvonhoi bemuhra va muhradorro muayyan namuda ba embriologiyai evolyusioni asos guzosht. Nazariyai paydoishi hayvonoti bisyorhujayraro kashf kard. Soli 1882 hodisai fatositozro oshkor kard va dar asosi on natologiyai muqoisavii iltihob (1892) va nazariyai fagositarii immunitet (masuniyat)-ro kashf kard. Mechnikov masalai pirshaviro solhoi daroz tadqiq karda ba khulosae omad, ki piri va margi odam dar natijai bo mikrobho va digar zahrho khudzahroludshavii organizm ba amal meoyad. Dar asosi in aqidai ilmi yak qator vositahoi peshgirii khudzahroludshavii organizmro peshnihod namud (sterilizasiya kardani khurok, nam khurdani gusht, istemoli shiru jurgot va g.). Dar asarhoyash masalahoi ilmu falsafaro niz muhokima va mulohiza kardaast. Laureati Mukofoti nobeli (1908, yakjoya bo P. Erlikh).

As.: Nabrannie biologicheskie proizvedeniya. M., 1950; Akademicheskoe sobranie sochineniy, t. 1—16, M., 1950—64.