Ilm

METROLOGIYa (az yun. matron— chenak, andoza va… logiya), ilmeet oid ba chenkuni (andozagiriho), metodhoi tamini yagonagi va sahehi onho. Masalahoi asosii Metrologiya inhoand; a) nazariyai umumii chenkuniho; b) tashakkuli vohidhoi buzurgihoi fiziki va sistemahoi onho; v) tariqu vositahoi chenkuni; g) usulhoi muayyan kardani sahehii chenkuniho (nazariyai khatohoi chenkuni); d) asoshoi …

METEORHO (az yun. meteora — hodisoti atmosferi va osmoni), shihobho, hodisoti rushnoist, ki hangomi ba atmosferai Zamin zada daromadani zarrahoi sakht — jismhoi meteori ba amal meoyad. Jismhoi meteori yo khud meteoroidho obekthoeand, ki dar fazoi baynisayyoravi harakat mekunand va andozahoyashon kalontar az molekulavu khurdtar az asteroid meboshad. Jismi meteori …

METIZASIYa, metizoni (Frans, metisation az metis — az juftii du zot ba vujudomada), juftikunonii baynizoti, yake az usulhoi ziyod kardani hayvonoti khojagii qishloq, ki dar natijai juftii zothoi gunoguni hayvonot (az doirai yak jins) ba amal barovarda meshavad. Metizasiyaro baroi behtar namudani zothoi kuhna va ba vujud ovardani zothoi navi …

METILYONI NILI, yak nav rangi organiki az guruhi ranghoi tiozini. Dar tajribai tibbi chun moddai antsseptiki (ziddi fasod) va bezarrarkunandai baze zahrho istifoda meshavad. Onhoro hangomi madda kardani jarohat va bemorihoi digari pust, iltihobi masona (shoshadon) va g. baroi shustan yo molidan kor mefarmoyand; dar vaqti az kislotai sianat, oksidi …

METIONIN, kislotai a — ani-no-u-metiltiobutanat, CHaSCHf SI2SN (NH2)COOH, aminokislotai monokarbonii sulfurdor, ki dar tarkibi bisyor safedahoi hayvoni va naboti vomekhurad. Dar prosesshoi fermentativii hosilshavii moddahoi muhimi biologi (kholii, adrenalin va g.) va biosintezi sistein ishtprok mekunad. Metionin aminokislotai muhim buda, talaboti shaboruzii odam ba on 2,5—3 g ast. Norasoii Metionin …

METEOROLOGIYa (az yun. meteoros — bolo bardoshtashuda, osmoni, meteora — hodisoti atmosferi va osmoni va… logiya), ilmest dar borai atmosfera va prosesshoi dar on ba amaloyanda. Qismi asosii Meteorologiya fizikai atmosfera ast, ki hodisayu prosesshoy fizikii atmosferaro tadqiq mekunad. Prosesskhoy khimiyavin atmosferaro khimiyai atmosfera — fasli navi bosurat taraqqikunandai Meteorologiya …

METASOMATIZM, metasomatoz (az meta… va somatos — jism), yak namudi metamorfizm; az tasiri magma va mahlulho tagyir yoftani tarkibi khimiyavi va mineralii jinshoi kuhi. Haggomi Metasomatizm az joy ivaz kardani moddaho (baynn mahlulu jinshoi kuhi) hajm va strukturai jinshoi kuhi tagyr nameyoband. Prosessi Metasomatizm dar du marhala meguzarad: magmavi va …

METASTRONGILYOZ, yak nav kasalii kijjagist, ki ba on asosan khuk giriftor meshavad. Metastrongilyozro nematodahoe, ki dar bronkhhoi khuk (bazan sag va odam) paraziti mekunand, ba vujud meorand. Khuk bo Metastrongilyoz asosan hangomi khurdani kirmhoi loykhuraki kasal siroyat meyobad. Ba Metastrongilyoz beshtar khukbachahoi 6—8-moha giriftor meshavand. Hayvoni kasal mesulfad, nafasgiriash dushvor, …

METATEZA (az yun. metathesis — joy ivaz kardan), tagyiri joi ovozho va nijohoi tarkibi kalima dar asosi assimilyasiya va dissimilyasiya. Dar guftugu va lahjaho bazan kalimahoi zaboni adabi bo tagyiri joi ovozho talaffuz meshavand. Mas, kalimai lotinii shappog (tojiki: marmar) dar zaboni pyci «mramor». Dar zaboni tojiki kalimahoi sukhr, karoy, …

METAFIZIKA, ilmi barin, mobaduttabia, 1) «ilmi» falsafiest, ki prinsiphoi favquttabiii hastiro meomuzad. Istilohi «Metafizika» ba tavri suni paydo shudaast. Kitobdori kitobkhonai sh. Iskandariya Androniki Rodosi (a. 1 to m.) asarhoi Arasturo az rui mazmun tanzim kardany shuda, kitobhoi uro oid ba «navhoi avvalini mavjudot» — «Meta la physika» («badi fizika») …