Madaniyat va Sanat

BOQII JARROHI SAMARQANDI ohangsoz, hofiz, navozanda, musiqidon, shoir va tabibi tojik (nimai duyumi asri 16 – avvali asri 17). Zodgohash Samarqand. Asoshoi nazariyaviyu amalii ilmi musiqi va digar ilmhoi zamonashro az padarash, ki tabibu donishmandi mashhur budu tabi shoiri niz dosht, omukhtaast. Badtar ba Bukhoro rafta, nazdi Kavkabii Bukhoroi shogirdi …

BOQILONI Abubakr Muhammad ibni Tayyib (950, Basra – 1013, Bagdod), mutakallim va faqehi marufi arab, namoyaidai ashariya. Ilmhoi zamonashro dar zodgokhash omukhta, ba mazhabi ashariya garoid va yake az doiyonu muballigoni talimoti in jarayon gardid. Azududdavla uro baroi bahsu munozirakhoi ilmiyu shari bo ahli etizol ba Sheroz davat kard. Boqiloni …

BOQIMUHAMMADI UROTEPPAI khattoti tojik (asri 19). Dar mahallai Bogkaloni Uroteppa dar oilai bogbon tavallud yofta, nazdi tagoyash, khattoti nomi Turakhojai Istaravshani talim giriftaast. Boqimuhammad bisyor ashor va asarhoro kitobat kardaast. Az jumla «Nigoriston» nom asari kitobatkardai u dar Ganjinai dastkhathoi Instituti sharqshinosii AI Uzbekiston tahti raqami 3494 mahfuz ast.

BOZIL Mirzo Muhammadrafe ibni Mirzo Mahmudi Mashhadi (favt 1173), khodimi davlati va shoiri forsizaboni Hinduston. Padarash az Mashhadi Eron ba Hind omada, dar khidmati davlat bud, badan pisarash Bozil niz ba korhoi davlati mashgul shud. Bozil, chunonki dar makhazhoi adabi omadaast, shoiri gazalsaro bud, vale masnavii khamosavii «Hamlai Haydari» ba …

BOZGAShT dar tasavvuf asl (kalima)-i shamum az usul (kalimot)-i hashtgonai vazkardai khoja Abdulkholiqi Gijduvoni, ki minbad khoja Bahouddini Naqshband se asli digar bar onho afzud va usuli yozdahgona dar zaminai talimoti tariqati naqshbandiya qaror girift (tibqi ligari taqsimbandt – az rui tartib asli duyum). Bozgasht kalimai sirf tojiki buda, dar …

BOZGAShTI ADABI, padidai muhimme dar adabiyoti asrhoi 18 – 19 Eron. Aksari muhaqqiqone, ki dar khususi Bozgashti adabi andesha rondaand, onro chun sabki tozai adabi ba qalam dodaand. Yahyoi Oriyonpur onro nahzati adabi va D. Komissarov “Maktabi shirin” nomidaast. Binobar in Bozgashti adabiro na sabk, balki raviyai adabi guftan behtar …

BOZGUY, shokhai soziyu ovozi dar maqom va maqomsaroi, takrori hameshanii yayak porchai ohang. Odatan dar ohang chand qadar khona boshad, hamon qadar Bozguy amal mekunad. Mamulan pas az yak davrai khona, bazan pas az du-se khona yak bozguy meoyad. Bozguy beshtar dar shokhai mushkiloti maqomho surat megirad. Masalan, dar bakhshi …

MADANIYaTI MUSTYO, madaniyati paleoliti qadim, ki badi madaniyati Ashel inkishof yofta, bo madaniyati paleoliti davrahoi okhir ivaz shudaast. Okhiri solhoi 60 asri 19 arkheologi fransavi G. Mortile dar gori Le-Mustei dar janubu garbii Fransiya voqegashta kashf kardaast. Dar Avrupo, shimoli Afrika, Sharqi Nazdik va Osiyoi Miyona pahn bud. Madaniyati Mustyo …

MALTOIHO, khalq, aholii asosii Malta. Shumoraashon 420 hazor nafar (1978). Ba zaboni maltoi (guruhi somi) gap mezanand. Etiqodmandon payravi mazhabi katolikii d. Ehtimol, aslashon finiqi boshad. Maltoza chandin asrho zeri tasarrufi yunoniyon, rimiho, arabho va g. budand. Mashguliyati asosii Maltonho dehqoni, chorvodori, mohigiri va bahrnavardist.

MADANIYaTI MAYKOP, madaniyati arkheologii nimai duyumi hazorai 3 to m., ki dar domanai kuhhoi Kavkazi Shimoli pahn bud. Az nomi qurgoni Maykop, ki soli 1897 tadqiq gardid, girifta shudaast. Az Madaniyati Maykop bisyor qurgonho boqi mondaand, ki bazei onho istehkomu boshishgohand. Dar okhiri davrai Madaniyati Maykop maqbarahoi sangi paydo shudand. …