Ilm

STRONSIY (lotini strontium), Sr, elementi khimiyaviest az guruhi sistemai davrii Mendeleev; raqami atomi 38, massai atomi 87,62. Stronsiyi tabii az omekhtai chor izotopi sobit iborat ast: 84Sr, 86Sr, 87Sr va 88Sr; az oiho 88Sr beshtar (82,56%) mamul ast. Yakchand izotoii sunii S. (adadi massazshon az 80 to 97, az jumla …

STROFOIDA (az yunoni strophos — lentai tobkhurda va eidos — shakl), khati kaji algebravii tartibi seyumro guyand, ki muodilaash dar sistemai koordinatahoi dekarti meboshad. Avvalin marotiba E. Torichelli omukhtaast (1645).

STRUKTURALIZM, yak raviyai tadqiqotist dar ilmhoi gumanitari, ki dar omuzishi masalahoi zabonshinosi, etnografiya, adabiyotshinosi, tarikh va gayra metodu uslubhoi strukturi, modelsozi, unsurhoi semiotika va matematikoniro istifoda mebarad va dar solhoi 20 asri 20 ba vujud omadaast. Ba manoi tang Strukturalizm majmui aqidahoi ilmi va falsafiest, ki dar zaminai tatbiqi metodi …

SUBSTANTIVASIYa (az lotini substantivum — ism), ba ism guzashtani digar hissahoi nutq. Dar zaboni tojiki beshtar sifat va sifati feli bo in roh ba ism guzashtaand: Bo badon bad boshu bo nekon naku (Sadi). Az pavishtahoi u foidae nest (Ayni). Ba tamai manfiati nomalum foidai nakdro az dast dodan kori …

«SUVAR-UL-KAVOKIB» risolai astronomii Abdurrahmoni Sufi. Soli 965 ba zaboni arabi talif shuda, tafsir va vazi 21 burji Nimkurai shimoli, 12 burji duvozdahgona va surathoi asotirii onhoro dar bar megirad (tasvirash dar maq. Osmon). Dar «Suvar-ul-kavokib» koordinathoi 1022 sitora darj gardidaast. Fehristi Abdurrahmoni Sufi badi fehristi Gipparkh (asri 2 to melod) …

STRATIGRAFIYa (az lotini stratum qabat va …grafiya), yak fasli geolologiyai tarikhist, ki paydarhamii paydoishi jinshoi kuhi va avvalii robitahoi mutaqobilai fazoii onhoro meomuzad. Baroi muqarrar namudani sinni tahnishasthoi omukhtashuda tarkibi boqimondahoi organizmho, ki az tabaqahoi tahshini yoft shuda, az inkishofi notakrori olami organikii zamin darak medihand, ahamiyati kalon dorand. Az …

STOMATOLOGIYa (az yunoni stomatos — dahon va …logiya), yak sohai tibro guyand, ki sokhti dandon, sababhoi paydoish, muolija va peshgirii dardi dandon, milki dandon, zabon, pardai luobii dahon, jog va boftahoi atrofi onro meomuzad. Stomatologiya tarikhi qadim dorad. Dar asarhoi dukhturi hind Sushrut (asrhoi 6 —5 to melod) 65 bemorii …

STOKS, vohidi gilzati kinematiki dar Sistemai vohidhoi SGS. Ishoratash St. Mavsum ba J. G. Stoks. 1 St 1 sm2/son. Vohidi 100 karat khurdi on santistoks (sSt) beshtar istifoda meshavad.

STATISTIKA (nemisi Statistik, az italiyavi stato — davlat), andukhtan, tadqiq, tahlil va intishori akhborest, ki qonuniyati miqdorii hayoti jamiyag (padidahoi tekhnikiyu iqtisodi, hodisahoi ijtimoiyu iqtisodi, siyosi va madani)-ro dar robita bo mundarijai sifatii onho ifoda mevamoyad. Ba manoi mahdud Statistika— majmui malumotest dar borai zuhuroti yagon hodisa yo jarayon. Mafqumi …

STENOGRAFIYa (az yunoni stenas — borik, tang va …grafiya), uslubi teznavisii khat ast, ki tavassuti sistemai alomatho va ikhtisori kalimayu iboraho, nutqi dahoni ba tavri sinkhroni navishta meshavad. Surati navishti in navi khat az khati muqarrari 4—7 barobar zudtar ast. Stenografiya hanuz az davrahoi qadim dar Yunonu Rim malum bud. …