Ilm

KhUShA (a — sitorai burji Sunbula), muhimrtarin sitorai burji Sunbularo guyand, ki qadri sitoragii vizualiash ba 1 barobar ast. Ravshanoii Xusha nazar ba Oftob 740 marotiba ziyod meboshad. Masofai Xusha az Oftob taqr. 50 pm ast.  

SITOLOGIYa (az yun. kytos — hujaayra va ..logiya), ilmest doir ba hujayra. Sitologiya hujayrai hayvonoti bisyorhujayra, rastani, organizmhoi yakhujayrai hayvoniyu naboti, bakteriyaho va g-ro meomuzad. Taraqqiyoti Sitologiya to ibt. a. 20 ba inkishofi usulhoi tadqiqi hujayra vobasta ast. S. 1665 bori nakhust R. Guk sokhti hujayrai yak qator boftahoi nabototro …

SEZIYa (lot. Caesium), Cs, elementi khimiyavii guruhi 1 sistemam davrii Mendeleev, raqami at. 55, massai at. 132,9054. Seziya metalli ishqori buda, zardi tillorang, zudgudoz, monandi mum narm ast; Zichiyash 1,908 g/sm3, t gud. 28,5°S). Dar havo yakbora alanga girifta, dar ob bo tarkish ba reaksiya meravad. Dar tabiat elementi nodir …

SELESTIN (lot. caelestis — osmonrang), mineralest az sinfi sulfatho, Sr[S04]; odatan omekhtahoi Sa va Va dorad. Kristallhoyash tugma va qalamchamonand. Selestin osmonrang, osmonrangi khokistari, bazan surkhcha yo zardchatob meshavad. Kristallhoi shaffofu berangi Selestin niz hastand. Sakhtiash 3,0—3,5; zichiash taqr. 4 g/sm3. Dar jinshoi tahshini va raghoi gidrotermali yoft meshavad. Selestin …

SEMENT (nem. Zement, az lot. sae-mentum — shagal, sangreza), nomi mushtaraki moddahoi khokamonandi chasponero guyand, ki hangomi dar ob omekhtan khamirai plastiki hosil mekuvavd va bad shakh (salgmonand) metlamnd. Sement yake az masolehhoi muhimtarini binokori buda, baroi tayor kardani beton va mahlulhoi binokori, mustahkam kardani juzhoi judogonai inshoot, gidroizolyasiya va …

KhUJI, qarorgohi paleolitii davrai mustei mansub ba hazorahoi 50—30 to m., ki 40 km garbtar az Dushanbe, dar qatorteppahoi peshi nishebihoi janubii q-kuhi Hisor (1200 m az s. b.) voqe ast. S. 1978 bostonshinos V. A. Ranov kashf va tadqiq nam ud. Qabati maskuni Xujiro qabati 30-metrai zardkhok pushidaast. Dar …

KhULAHO, sistemahoi yakjinsai makroskopiero guyand, ki az du yo ziyoda metall (bazan metall va gayrimetall) iborat buda, khosiyati makhsusi metalli dorand. Xulaho (mas., birinji, chuyan, pulod) ba odamon az qadim malum buda, az onho (dar asrhoi birinji va ohan) asbobu oloti mehnat va lavozimoti jangi tayyor mekardand. Alhol qarib az …

SEFEY (lot. Cepheus), burji nazdi qutbii Nimkurai shimoliro guyand, ki qisman dar Rohi Kahkashon joygir ast. Dar Sefey manbai afkanishoti rentgenii Ser Kh-1 — boqimondai sitorai navtarin (nig. Sitorahoi navtarin) mavjud meboshand. Sefey az hududi SSSR tamomi sol namudor ast.

SIKLON (az yun. kyklon — charkhzananda), joi fishorash pasti, atmosferaro guyand (dar markazash fishor nihoyat past ast). Diametri Siklon bayakchand haz. km merasad. Siklon bodest, ki baraks (dar Nimkurai shimoli) va muvofiqi harakati aqrabaki soat (Nimkurai janubi) mevazad. Hangomi Siklon havo beshtar abrnok va shamoli sakht meshavad.

SILINDR (az yun. kylindros — navard, galtak), qismest, ki bo sathi silindrii sarbast va du hamvorii parallel mahdud shudaast (rasm). Hamvorihoro asos joi Silindr menomand. Agar asoshoi Silindr ba tashkildihanda perpendikulyar boshand, Silindri rost menomand; agar asoshoi Silindr doiraho boshand, onro Silindri doimii rost yo Silindri mudavvar va yo sodda …