Ilm

TRIGONOMETRIYaI SFERAVI, yak sohai trigonometriyaro guyand, ki vobastagii bayni kunjho va tarafhoi sekunjahoi sferaviro meomuzad. Agar A, V, S — kunjho va a, b, s — tarafhoi muqobili in kunjho dar sekunjai sferavii AVS (nigared rasm) boshand, ongoh kunjho va tarafhoi sekunjai sferaviro az rui formulahoi zerin hisob kardan lozim …

TRITIY (lotini tritium, az yunoni tritos –seyum), tritiy ( yo 3N), gidrogeni vaznin, izotopi beta-radioaktivii girdrogen , ki adadi masaash 3 ast. Soli 1934 olimoni anglis E. Rezerford, M.L. Olifant va P. Khartek kashf kardaand. Yadroi atomi tritiy az yak proton va 2 neytron iborat ast. Tritiy faol buda, davrai …

TRITON, radifi sayyorai Neptun, diametrash qarib 4000 km, masofai miyona az markazi sayyora 354 hazor km. Soli 1846 astronomi anglis U. Lassell kashf kard. Triton atrofi Neptunro muqobili samti charkhzanii sayra davr mezanad.

TRANSAKTINOIDHO, transaktinidho, glementhoi khimiyavii radioaktivi suniero guyand, ki dar sistemai davrii Mendeleev badi Lourensiy (Lr, elamenti okhirini guruhi aktinoidho) joy giriftaand. To avvali 1982 chor elemedti mansubi Transaktinoidho— kurchatoviy, elementn 105, elementi 106 va elementi 107 sintez shudand. Ba kashf va sintezi Transaktinoidhoi nav olimoni shahrhoi Stokgolm (Shvesiya), Berkli (ShMA), …

TRANSGRESSIYa (az lotini (trans-gressio — guzarish, az joe ba joe harakat kardan), ba khushki harakat kardani obi bahr. Transgressiya beshtar dar natijai past shudani khushki (bazan az bardoshtashavii sathi uqyonus) ba amal meoyad. In ba pastu balandshavii qishri Zamin vobastagi dorad. Transgressiyaho dar tamomi davrahoi geologii Zamin ruy medodand, ki …

TRANSKRIPSIYa (az lotini traskriptio— runavis kardan), ovonavisht, tajdidi khattii ovoz, kalimahovu matvho tavassuti yagon sistemai alifbo. Se navi transkripsiya— fonetiki, folematiki va amali vujud dorad. Dar transkripsiyai fonetiki nutq bo tamomi khususiyathovu tobishhoi ovoziash inikos meyobad. Masalan, kalimahoi asbob, resmon, chashmbandro dar asosi alifboi imruzai tojiki va alifboi lotini chunin …

TRANSLITERASIYa (az lotini (trans bayni, ba vositai va litera — harf), az yak alifbo ba alifboi digar (masalan, az alifboi arabi ba tojiki, az lotini ba rusi yo baraks) bargardonidani matnro guyand. Dar transliterasiya asosan ba harfho etibor doda, ovozho kam ba nazar girifta meshavand. Masalan, kalimahoi hurufoti arabii shakl, …

TRAPESIYa (az yunoni (trapzion — chorkunjai tarafhoyash nobarobar), chorkunjai barjastaero guyand, ki du tarafash ham paralel buda, du tarafi digarash parallel nest (nigared rasm). Tarafhoi parallelro asosho va tarafhoi nooarallelro pahluhoi trapesiya menomand. Trapesiyae, ki dar on tarafhoi pahlui ba ham barobarand, trapesiyai barobarpahlu nom dorad. Diagonalhoi trapesiyai barobarpahlu ba …

TRAVMATOLOGIYa (yunoni trauma, traumatos — jarohat, zarbu lat, oseb …logiya), oseoshinosi, talimotest dar borai zarbu lathoi uzvu boftaho, peshgiri va muolijai onho. Travmatologiya ba manoi vase bisyor masalahoi ilmhoi jarrohi (masalan, jarrohii asab, jarrohii qafasi sina va gayraro vobasta ba mavqei illat dar bar megirad. Ba manoi mahdudash istilyuhi «travmatologiya»-ro …

TRAEKTORIYa (az lotini trajectorius — mansub ba joyivazkuni), khati befosilaest, ki hangomi harakati nuqta ba vujud meoyad. Agar traektoriya khati rost boshad, harakati nuqtaro rostkhatta, dar aksi hol kajkhatta menomand. Namudi traektoriyai nuqtai materialii ozod yo harakat ba inho vobastaand: quvvahon ba nuqta tasirkunanda, sharthoi ibtidoii harakat, intikhobi sistemai sarhisob; …