Ilm

BOR Oge Nile (19.6.1922, Kopengagen, Daniya – 8.9. 2009, hamon jo), fiziki daniyagi, yake az muallifoni mo­deli kollektivi (umumiyatdodashuda)-i hasta, professor (1956), uzvi Akademiyai shohii Daniya (1955). Dar oilai Margaret va Nils Bor tavallud shuda, dar bayni fizikhoi mashhur V. Pauli va V. Hayzenberg ba voya rasidaast. Soli 1940 badi …

BONCh-BRUEVICh Vladimir Dimitrievich (28.6.(10.7) 1873-14.7.1955), khodimi davlati va siyosii Russiya, doktori ilmhoi tarikh. Soli 1892 Omuzishgohi zaminsozii Kurskro khatm namud. Az soli 1895 ba harakati sotsial-demokrati payvast va ba chopi yak qator nashriyahoi bolsheviki pardokht. Dar solhoi 1898—99 ba mavji harakati tariqatgaroii ziddi pravoslavi az Qafqoz va Kanada ishtirok dosht. …

BONChKOVSKIY Flaviy Nikolaevich (23.10.1909, Barnaul, Russiya -1987, shahri Simferopol, Ukraina), gidro­meliorator, doktori ilmhoi kishovarzi (1963), Khodimi khidmatnishondodai ilmi JShS Tojikiston (1964). Khatmkardai Instituti gidromelioratsiyai shahri Maskav (1937). Faoliyati ilmiashro ba sifati assistenti donishkadai mazkur ogoz kardaast. Soli 1940 ba Tojikiston omad. Muallimi kalon, dotsent, mudiri kafedrai geodeziya va melioratsiya (1947— …

BONAPARTIZM, siyosatest, ki dar natijai buhroni siyosii jomea yake az guruhhoi qudratgalab vazi baamalomadaro istifoda namuda, bo yorii artish yo neruhoi nizomii digar hokimiyatro sohib meshavad. Saravval istilohi Bonapartizm baroi ifodai diktaturai harbii Napoleon Bona­part va Lui Bonapart istifoda shuda, dertar manii farokhtari siyosati etimodbakhshi harbiero girift, ki dar miyoni …

BONISTIKA (faronsavi bonistigue), ilmi yorirasoni fanni tarikh, ki puli kogazi va bonhoi az gardish baromadaro hamchun sanadi tarikhii inikoskunandai vazi iqtisodi va siyosii jomea meomuzad. Bonistika dar ogozi asri 20 ba vujud omada, bo numizmatika robitai zich dorad.

BONITIROVKA (az lotini bonitas – khushsifati), 1) bahodihii qiyosiyu sifati ba khok chun vositai istehsoloti kishovarzi va jangaldori. Bonitirovka bo nishondodhoi miqdori ifoda yofta, asosi onro khosiyati khok va darajai hosilkhezi tashkil medihad. Hangomi Bonitirovka khosiyati khok (gafsii qabati gumus, gurushanoki, porukhok, moddahoi gizoi, karbonatho, reaksiyai muhit, khosiyathoi fiziki, shuri, …

BON (Moringa olcifera), hubbulbon, yak nav darakht. To 10 metr qad mekashad. Bon barghoi nozuku khushbuy doshta, az donahoi pistamonandi on ravgani khushbuy (35-40%) megirand. Ba aqidai Aburayhoni Beruni agar Bonro jushonand, buyi baland paydo mekardaast. Ravgani Bon az behtarin ravganhoi khushbuy ast. «Anbari bobon» (anbari omekhta bo Bon) yake …

BONIFIKATSIYa (faronsavi bonification, lotini bonus – rahmdil, khub), a) bargardondani andozhoi az molhoi sodiroti sitonidashuda (ba jonibi sodirkunanda) bo maqsadi baland bardoshtani raqobatpaziri dar bozori beru­na (jahoni); b) izofapardokht ba narkhi moli dar qarordod muqarrargardida, agar sifati on balandtar az sifati sharti boshad; v) pardokhti yakdafainai sohiboni vom (zayom) hangomi …

BONAPARTIYON (faronsavi Bonaparte, itoliyoi Buonaparte), sulolai imperatoroni faronsavi, ki Napoleoni I Bonapart (soli 1804) asos guzoshtaast. Nasli Bonapartiyon az Florensiya ibtido girifta, soli 1529 ba Korsika kuch mebandand; az nasl ba nasl sudu advokat budaand. Soli 1757 padari asosguzori sulola Karlo Maria Bonapart unvoni dvoryani (ashrofi) giriftaast. Namoyandagoni sulolai Bonapart …

BOLSANO Bernard (5.10.1781-18.12.1848, Praga), riyozidon, faylasuf va geologi chekh. Universiteti Karlovro dar Pra­ga khatm kardaast (fakultai falsafaro soli 1800, fakulteti geologiyaro soli 1805). Solhoi 1805-20 mudiri kafedrai ta­rikhi dini hamin universitet bud. Sipas, baroi ozodfikri az vazifa sabukdush gardid va ba­roi tahqiqi muammohoi riyoziyot va mantiq vaqt paydo kard. Dar …