Ilm

«MUNTAKhAB-UT-TAVORIKh» asari tarikhii Muhammad Hakimkhon. Khoja Muhammad Hakimkhon ibni Saidmasumkhon soli 1802/03 dar Khuqand tavallud yoftaast. Dar ahdi Muhammadalikhon hokimi viloyathoi Turaqurgon, Namangon va gayra bud. Dertar az mansabi hokimi dur karda shud va badi in ba Rossiya, Turkiya, Suriya, Falastin, Misr, Arabistoni Saudi va Eron safar kard. Badi bozgasht …

MUNShAOT (arabi — navishtajot), navishtajoti adabi va mukoti- baest, ki munshiyon tasnif kardaand. Asosi munshaot maktub ast: maktubhoi arboboni davlat, ilmu adabiyot, namoyandagoni sanat va mukotibai shakhsi. Beshtari Munshaot az namunahoi mukotibai arboboni dav­lat, yorliqotu manoshir, sanadhoi nikohu taloq, kharidufurush iboratand. To ba ruzhoi mo Munshaoti olimi faylasuf Muhammadi Gazoli …

MUODILAI ALGEBRAVI, muodi­lai namudi /p—0-ro guyand, ki dar on /p bisyoruzvai darajai n-umi yak yo bisyortagyiryobandador (baroi l>0) ast. Muodilai algebrai yaknomaluma na­mudi zerin dorad: a0kh* v|Khl“* + … + ap = 0,      (1) in jo p — adadi butuni gayriman­fi, «o, A|, …, en — koeffisi­ent h o i …

MUNAVVARY (az arabi nuronishuda; ravshav), zichii sathii se­li afkanishotest, ki ba sath meaftad. Formulaash E = F/S (F — seli rushnoi, o — masohati sathi tanvirshavanda). Vodidi chenkuniash lyuks ast, ki ba ivazi vodidi kuhna —fot qabul karda shudaast.

MUNOZIRA, munzaara (arabi— bahs va guftugu bo kase oid ba yagon masala), asari manzumest, ki dar on du predmet, du tarafi muqobil va yo du harif doir ba kashfi haqiqati yagon masala, yo bartarii fazilathoi shakhsii khesh bo hamdigar bahsu munozira mekunand. Dar Munozira tarafho bartarii fazlu kamol va qudratu …

MUNTAKhABOT (arabi jami intikhobshuda, barguzida), majmuaast, ki yak qismi muhimi osori manzum yo mansuri adibero dar bar megirad. Kalimahoi barguzida, gulchin, osor yo ashori muntakhab bo Muntakhob murodif va hammanoyand. Zeri in unvonho yakchand majmuai asarhoi adiboni tojik ba tab rasidaand: «Gulchine az devoni ashor»-i Nosiri Khisrav (1957), «Osori muntakhab»-i …

MUM, moddahoi ravganmonandi hayvonot 8 rastani, ki asosan az efirhoi murakkabi kislotahoi odii ravgan va spirthoi kalonmolekula (odatan yakatoma) tarkib yoftaand. Mum moddai amorfi, qaish, hangomi tafsonidan narmshavanda, az jihati khimiyavi na chandon faol, ba tasiri reagenthoi gunogun ustuvor buda, dar 40—90° Selsiya ob meshavad. Az jihati paydoish Mum se …

MUMI ZANBURI ASAL, moddai ravgavmonandest, ki dar gadudi makhsusi zanburi asal va baze hasharoti digar hosil meshavad. Az omekhtai efirhoi murakkab (to 75%), kislotahoi kholisi karbon, karbogidridhoi hadnok iborat bu­da, ba miqdori ziyod vitamini A do­rad. Massai khosash 0,956—0,969, dar 62—72° Selsiya ob meshavad. Dar efir, khloroform, benzol, benzin, ravgani …

MULTATULI (Multaluli) (takhallus; nom va familiya Eduard Daues Dek­ker; 2. 3. 1820, Amsterdam —19. 2. 188/, Nider-Ingelkheym, hozira Ingelkheym, Respublikai Federativii Germaniya), navisandai niderland. Az oilai kapitani kishtii bozorgoni. Az soli 1838 dar idorai mustamlikavii niderlavdii Hinduston (Indoneziya) khizmat kar­daast. Hangomi khizmat dar Yava vaziyati indonezidoro sabuk kardani shuda, ba …

MUMIYO, mahsuloti mummonandi tabiiro guyand, ki dar baze gorho az darzhoi sang tarovida mebaroyad. Ziyoda az 4000 sol in jonib dar tibbi khalqi chun davo mamul ast. Olimon va tabiboni mashhuri forsu tojik Abuali ibni Sino, Muhammad Zakariyoi Rozi, Abubakr Rabei Bukhoroi, Muhammad Huseyni Sherozi va digar Mumiero baroi tabobati …