Ilm

MAVJHOI ISTON, mavjhoe, ki dar natijaiinterferensiyai mavjhoi ruiham pahnshavanda paydo meshavand. Mavjhoi iston amalan hangomi inikosi mavjho az moneavu sohahoi gayriyakjinsai muhit dar natijai boloi ham shudani mavjhoi pahnshavandavu inikosgardida ba vujud meoyand. Qitahoi gunoguni Mavjhoi iston dar yak faza, vale bo amplitudahoi gunogun melappand (rasm). Dar Mavjhoi iston, bar …

MAVJHOI DAVON, mavjhoe, ki bar khilofi mavjhoi iston hangomi pahnshavi energiya intiqol mekunand. Mavjhoi davo ham dar fazoi ozod va ham qad-qadi yagon khat pahn shuda metavonand; mas., mavjhoi chandir qad-qadi mila, tor, sutuni moe va g., mavjhoi elektromagniti qad-qadi khatri elektri, kabel, mavjbar va g. pahn meshavald. Nig. niz …

MAVJI ZARBATI, sohai guzarishi tangbar (hangomi yakbora afzudani fishor, harorat, surat va zichii modda), ki nisbat ba muhit bo surati favqussado pahn meshavad. Mavji zarbati hangomi tarkish (nig. rasm), harakati jismho bo surathoi favqussado, razryadhoi elektrii puriqtidor va g. ba vujud meoyad. Mavji zarbatiro dar laboratoriya dar gulbahoi zarbati, ki …

MAGNIYa (lot. Magnesium), Mg, elementi khimiyavii guruhi II sistemai davrii Mendeleev, raqami at. 12, massai at. 24,305. Magniyai tabii az 3 izotopi sobit — 24Mg (78,60%), 25Mg (10,11%) va 2eMg (11,29%) iborat ast. 3 izotopi radioaktivii suniash —23Me, 27Mg, 2iMg niz hosil karda shudaast. Magniyaro dar shakli khoka soli 1808 …

MAVLONOV Sharof Mavlonovich (tavallud 5. 6. 1935, sh. Samarqand), khimiki soveti, doktori ilmhoi khimiya (1980). Azoi KPSS az soli 1966. Soli 1958 Universiteti davlatii Samarqandro khatm kardaast. Solhoi 1958 —61 aspiranti AF RSS Tojikiston Az soli 1962 mudiri laboratoriyai fizikai nimnoqilhoi Instituti fizika va tekhnikai ba nomi S. U. Umarovi …

MAGNETOKhIMIYa, sohai khimiyai fiziki, ki vobastagii bayni khosiyathoi magniti va khimiyavii moddahoro meomuzad. Usulhoi magniti yakjoya bo digar usulhoi tadqiqot dar halli masalahoi sokht, kharakteri bandi khimiyavi, holati valeitii elementho dar payvastho, assosiasiya va polimerizasiyai molekulaho yori merasonad. Magnetokhimiyaro dar omuzishi katalizi geterogeni, diagrammai holat va muayyan namudani tozagii moddaho …

LUNDAZABONHO (Discoglossidae), oilai obkhokihoi bedum. Lundazabonho beshtar az 8-to muhra dorand. Qaburgahoi kirminai onho kutoh buda, dar Lundazabonhoi bolig niz boqi memonand; dar dogi boloyashon dandonho joygir shudaand; zabonashon lunda (nomashon ham az hamin jost), pilkhoi chashmashon khele khub inkishof yoftaand. 4 jinsi Lundazabonho (Bombina, Dissoglossus, Alytes va Barbourula), ki …

LYaPUNOV Aleksandr Mikhaylovich (6.6.1867, Yaroslavl — 3, I. 191V, Odessa), matematik va mekhaniki rus. Akademiki AF Peterburg (1901; azo-kirr. az 1900). Shogirdi P. A. Chebishev. Soli 1880 Universiteti Peterburgro khatm namud. Dosent (1885) va professori Universiteti Kharkov (az 1882) bud. Az soli 1902 cap karda dar AF Peterburg kor kardaast. …

LYaKhOV Vladimir Afanasevich (tavallud 30.7.1941, sh. Antrasit, viloyati Voroshilovgrad), lyotchik-kayhonnavardi SSSR, podpolkovnik, Qahramoni Ittifoqi Soveti (1979). Azoi KPSS az soli 1963. Badi khatmi Omuzishgohi olii Harbii havoii Kharkov (1964) dar qismhoi Quvvahoi harbii havoi khizmat kard. Dar davomi khizmatash yakchand tipi samolyothoro ozmud. Lyakhov sohibi ikhtisosi «Lyotchiki harbii darajai yakum» …

LYuTESIY (lot. Lulelium), Lu, elementi khimiyavi az rypuhi 111 sistemai davrii Mendeleev, raqami at. 71, massai at. 174,97, metalli nodirzamin, ba lantanoidho taalluq dorad.