Ilm

MIOPATIYa (az mio… va yun. pat­hos— dard, bemori), avjgirii distrofii mushak; ba bemorihoi irsi mansub ast. Vayronshavii mubodila dar hujayrahoi mushak, tagyiryobii sintezi kislotahoi nukleat asosi bavujudoii Miopatiyaand. In shonahoi asosii Miopatiya: sust va karakht shudani mu­shak, pastshavii reflekshoi ragu pay, deformasiyai ustukhonhovu bandho. Bemorro bo preparathoi antiholii esteraza, gormonhoi …

MAGNITIZMI OFTOB, majmui hodisahoe, ki ba mavjudiyati maydoni magniti dar Oftob vobastaand. Maydoni magnitii doghoi Oftob, maydoni magnitii sohahoi faoli berun az dogho va ba nom maydoni umumii Oftobro farq mekunand. Maydoni magnitii Oftobro bori avval astronomi amerikoi J. Kheyl soli 1908 az rui tajziyai khathoi furubari (nig. Hodisai Zeeman) …

MAGNETIK, istilohest, ki ba hamai moddaho hangomi muoinai khosiyathoi magnitii onho tatbiq karda meshavad. Vobasta ba gunogunii khosiyathoi magnitii mikrozarrahoe, ki moddaro tashkil medihand va kharakteri tasiri mutaqobili onho navhoi gunoguni Magnetikho mavjudand. Magnetikhoro az rui buzurgi va alomati tasirpazirii magnitii onho kh ba diamagnetik (moddahoe, ki baroi onho kh<0 …

MAGNETIT (nem. Magnetit, az yun. magnetia — magnit), ohansangi magniti, mineral, oksidi murakkabi ohan FeO FejOj. Tarkibash to 72,4% Fe va aksar omekhtahoi MgO, SG]Oe, AOz, MpO, ZnO va g. dorad. Magnetikhoi dar tarkibashon TiO doshtaro titanomagnetit va Sgz09 doshtaro khromomagnetit menomand. Dar sistemai kubi kristali mebandad, kristallhoi oktaedri, dodekaedri …

MAGNETON, vohidi chenkunii momenti magniti, dar fizikai atom va yadro istifoda meshavad. Momenthoi magnitii elektron, atom va molekulakhoro bomagnetoni Bor: 11 S = -4^G 1 9.27 | Yu-< A m», yo dar sistemai vohidhoi SGS s= eh. erg = = 9,27 – 10-21 -f- chen mekunand, ki in jo v …

MAVJHOI RELEY (az nomi fiziki anglis J U. Reley), namudi mavjhoi chandir, ki dar nazdi qanorahoi ozodi jismi sakht pahn shuda, barobari dokhil shudan ba qabati jismi sakht tadrijan khomush meshavad.

MAVJHOI SUBMILLIMETRI, radiomavjhoe, ki darozii mavjashon X = 10-5 — 5 10“5 m (basomadashon 3 101 — 0 1012 Gs) meboshad. Mavjhoi submillimetri qismi kutohmavji diapazoni radiomavjho meboshad (mavjhoi az in kutoh ba diapazoni mavjhoi optiki mansuband). Mavjhoi submillimetriro bughoi ob va gazhoi tarkibi havo (gayr az intervalhoi na chandon …

MAVJHOI FAVQUDDAROZ (miriametri), radiomavjhoi daroziri mavjashon X > 10 km (basomadashon < 30 kGs). Baroi Mavjhoi favquddaroz X bo masofai bayni sathi Zamin va ionosfera muqoisashavanda ast, binobar in onho az rui mavjbari kuravii Zamin — ionosfera ba masofahoi azim (bo andak sustshavi) pahn shuda metavonand. Mavjhoi favquddaroz dar sistemai …

MAVJHOI ELASTIK, mavjhoi chandir, oshubhoi mekhaniki (deformasiyaho)-e, ki dar muhiti chandir pahn meshavand. Moeotu gazho badi qati tasiroti beruna hajmi avvalai khudro nigoh medorand (chandirii hajmi dorand), ammo shakli avvalai khudro girifta nametavonand, yane chandirii shakli nadorand. Dar onho faqat mavjhoi barqadi kashidashaviyu fishurdashavi ba vujud omada metavonand, ki dar …

MAVJHOI ELEKTROMAGNITI, tagyiri maydoni elektromagniti, ki dar fazo bo surati nihoi (okhirnok) pahn meshavad (nig. Surati rushnoi va Surati fazavi). Mavjhoi elektromagniti gayr az baze mavridhoi makhsus, mavjhoi kundalang meboshand: dar khar nuqtai maydoni Mavjhoi elektromagniti vektorhoi shiddatnokii maydonhoi alektri (E) va magniti (I) dar hamvorii nisbat ba samti pahnshavii …