Madaniyat va Sanat

MAHMUDI SIYOVUSh (soli tavallud va vafot nomalum), musavvari asri 15. fors-tojik. Sanati naqqoshiro dar sheroz omukht. U aslan az Gurjiston buda, az ovoni kudaki dar nazdi naqqoshoni Sheroz tarbiyat yoftaast. Mahmudi Siyovush az shogirdoni Muzaffaralii Naqqosh. Dar khushnavisi, halkori, zarkubi va jadvalkashi mohir bud, dar paykarnigori, manzaranigori va siyohqalami sabki …

MAHMUDI SIYOVUShONI (soli tavallud nomalum, Hirot — vafot 4587, Balkh), khushnavis va musiqidoni fors-tojik. Padarash Khoja Ishoqi Shahobi, yake az sohibmansaboni darbori Darmeshkhon bud. Hangomi Hirotro fath kardani Ubaydullohkhon (1529) oilai Mahmudi Siyovushoni ba Bukhoro kuchid. Dar Bukhoro nozukihoi sanati khattotiro az Miralii Hiroti omukhta, dar in pesha zabardasti zamon …

MUZEI AYNI, muzei adabii Sadriddin Ayni, kibo qarori KM PK Tojikiston va Soveti Vazironi respublika soli 1966 dar Dushanbe kushoda shudaast. Pas az takmilu korkardi nav ba munosibati 100-solagii zodruzi navisanda soli 1978 amaliyotu mavjudiyati khudro ba sifati Muzei adabii Sadriddin Ayni davom medihad. Muzei Ayni 4 fond dorad: meros, …

MUZAFFARALI (soli tavallud va vafot nomalum), musavviri asri 10, namoyandai barjastan maktabi minyoturi Tabrez. Shogirdi Behzod. Dar borai Muzaffarali dar asari «Tarikhi olamoroi Abbosi»-i muarrikhi okhiri asri 16-avvali asri 17 Iskandari Munshi malumot hast. Az guftahoi in muarrikh chunin barmeoyad, ki Muzaffarali, gabr az minyoturnigori, dar suratgarii rui devor ham …

MUZAHO, dar mifologiyai yunoniyoni qadim olihahoi nazm, sanat va ilm. Muzahoro ilhombakhshi shoironu sanatkoron meshumurdand; dar qismi daromadi asarhoi atiqa Muzahoro sitoish mekardand. Nomi 9 Muzaho avvalin bor dar «Teogoniya»-i Gesiod (asri 7 to m.) yodovari shudaast. Bo nomi Muzaho marbut donistani sohahoi judogonai ilm va sanat dar davrahoi okhiri …

MUZDAVIJ, muzdavaj (ar.—dugona, juft). dar ilmi bade sherero menomand, ki binoi on bar abyoti mustaqili musarra — hamqofiya guzoshta shudaast. Ammo dar miyoni shoironi fors-tojik ba joi in istiloh murodifi on — masnavi mamultar gardidaast va shuaroi fors-tojik sherero, ki har baytash doroi qofiyai vohid va mustaqil boshad, va Muzaho, …

MUVAShShAH (ar. — orosta, zinnat dodashuda), 1) sherest ba shakli ruboi, qasida, gazal va g., ki agar kalimahoi avvalu miyonai misra yo abyoti on jam karda shavad, nomi shakhse az on mebaroyad. Mas.: Mashuqa dilam ba tiri anduh bibast, Hayron shudamu kase namegirad dast. Miskin tani man zi poi mehnat …

MUDAVVAR  Jamil Pakhla (1862, Beyrut —1907, hozira), navisandai arab (Lubnon). Dar Beyrut tahsili ilm kardaast. Dar redaksiya j. «Al-Jinon», ki maorifparvari lubnoni Bustoni Butrus nashr mekard va j. «Al-Muktataf», gazetai islohotchiyoni musulmon «Al-Muayid» kor mekard. Mudavvar bo nomi «Tamadduni musulmoni dar Bagdod» (1888), romani tarikhie dorad, ki dar shakli nomaho …

«MUBOHISOT» (ar.— jami mubohisa), risolai Ibni Sino. ki masalahoi gunoguni falsafiro dar bar megirad. «Mubohisot» tartibu nizomi muayyane nadoshta, majmui savolhoest, ki aksari onhoro shogirdi Ibni Sino Bahmanyor Ibni Marzbon, yak qismashro Abumansur Poni Zayla va digaron tartib dodaand. Ibni Sino ba masalahoi mukhtalifi falsafi, az jumla roje ba muammoi …

MUVAYLIHI Ibrohim (1845, hozira— 1905), adib va publisisti arab (Misr). Az oilai tojir. Chun adib va publisisti insondust bo ocherku maqolaho dar borai avzoi siyosiyu ijtimoii vatanash baromad karda, hamrohi maorifparvari digari misri Muhammad Usmoni Jalol gazetai haftainai «Nuzhat-ul-afkor»-ro tasis dodaast. Ba sharoiti toqatfarsoi siyosiyu ijtimoii vatani khud tob ovarda …