Madaniyat va Sanat

MAKEEV Viktor Petrovich (tavallud 25. 10. 1924, posyolkai ba nomi S. M. Kirovi payoni Kolomnai viloyati Moskva, holo tobei sh. Moskva), olimi soveti dar sohai mekhanika, doktori ilmhoi tekhnika, professor, akad. AF SSSR (1976; azo-korr. 1968), du karat Qahramoni Mehnati Sosialisti (1961, 1978). Azoi KPSS az soli 1951. Soli 1948 …

MAZHAKAI MUSIQI, operetta va acaphoi sahnavii musiqie, ki dar zaminai mazhaka ejod shudaand (opera — buff, zingshpil, vodevil va g.). Mazhakai musiqi hamchun janri mustaqil dar okhiri asri 19 va ibtidoi asri 20 ba vujud omad. Dar Mazhakai musiqi surudhoi gunoguni liriki, khalqi va estradi, inchunin raqshoi ommaviro istifoda mebarand. …

MAZHAR (takhall.; nomash Mirzo Shamsuddini Joni Jonon, 1698, sh. Kolobogi Malva— 1780), shoiri forsizaboni Hinduston. Az Mazhar devoni forsi-tojiki, devone ba zaboni urdu va tazkirai «Kharitai javohir» meros mondaast. Hazrat Mirza Mir Mazhar e Jaane Jaana. Mazhar hamchun shoiri gazalsaro malum ast. Dar devoni u inchunin, yak marsiya, du mukhammas (yaktoash bar …

«MAY BAR SARI BAHOR» (M. 1) Ohangi mavsimii marosimi. Dar asrhoi 5—6 ba munosibati jashni Navruz ejod shudaast va onro hamchun behtarin ohanghoi navruzi nom burdaand. 2) Gushai musiqi dar tarkibi «Duvozdahmaqom», ki dar asrhoi miyona shuhrat doshta, mardumi Bukhoro dar payravii on surudhoi navruzi ejod namudaand.

«MAYDA», hup-hup, surudi khalqii marosimi, ki onro dehqonon hangomi khirmankubi mesurudand. Ohangi mahzunu gamangez dorad. Mayda az yakchand dubaytihoi judogonai lirikii ba ham aloqamand doshtai gunogunmavzu tarkib yoftaast. Diapazonash odatan dar fosilai kvartai sof to kvinta bo lahni minori joygir shudaast. Dar aksari rayonhoi Tojikiston va Uzbekiston mamul bud. E. …

Kalimai “Mayda” az du mano iborat ast: Ordi gandumi bahorii Dubeda va noni az on pukhtashuda. Navi halvoe, ki az shiru shakar, obi mova va okhar pukhta meshavad.

MAYDANA (Maidaua) Antonio (tavalud 25. 10. 1916, Enkarnason), khodimi harakati kommunistii Paragvay. Azoi Partiyai Kommunistii Paragvay (PKI) az soli 1936. Ikhtisosash pedagog. Az snnii javoni dar muborizai siyosi faolona ishtirok namud. Soli 1940 azoi komissiyai KMPKI oid ba maorifi siyosi, az soli 1948 azoi KM PKP. Solhoi 1944-46 dar habs …

MAYDON, deha dar S. q. Vorukhi nohiyai Isfara, viloyati Leninobod. Terr. kolkhozi «Pravda». Az Maydon to markazi S. q. 1 km, to rayon 41 km; roh asfaltpush. Akholiash 2981 nafar (1981), tojikon. Deha 2 maktabi miyona, 3 kitobkhona, punkti tibbi, dorukhona, 4 magazin, 2 dukoni sabzavotfurushi 2 nonvoykhona, 2 choykhona, …

MA3OR (arabi —qabr, gur), joi mutabarero guyand, kn ba aqidai ahli din muqaddas va mujizaovar shinokhta shudaast. Darki nodurusti ashyovu hodisahoi tabiat, sababi paydoishi Mazor gardidaast. Homiyoni din baroi afzudani tasiru nufuzi ahkomi din sangu kuh, chashmayu kul, darakhtu butta va qabrhoi muqarrariro hamchun mujpza nishon medihand va ba onho …

MADHYaMIKA (sanskr.— miyoni), talimoti asosii falsafii mauayanaii buddoiya, ki asri 2 dar Hinduston paydo shuda, dar Khitoy (az asri 4), Tibet (az asri 9), Muguliston va Yaponiya iktishor yoft. Asosguzori Madhyamika az rui rivoyat Nagarjuna meboshad. Asosi talimoti Madhyamika goyai tasavvurnopazirii haqiqat meboshad. Ba joi on mafhumi «shunyata» istifoda shudaast, …