Ilm

MAKON VA ZAMON, shaklhoi asosi va umumii mavjudiyati materiya. Makon va 3amon ba tavri obektivi vujud doshta, darkshavanda va doroi khususiyathoi umumi meboshand, ki khosiyati sechenakii jismho, joyivazkunin onho, fosilai bayni jismho va lahzahoi mukhtalifi prosessho va padidaho va nihoyat munosibatn makonivu zamoniro ifoda mekunand. Dar halli in masala du …

LITR – az kalimai fransuzii «litre» girifta shudaast va vohidi gayrisistemavii hajm ast va bo harfi lotinii «L» ishora meshavad. Litr ba Vohidi baynalmillalii chenak vorid karda nashudaast. Hajmi 1 litr barobari 1 dm³ = 0,001 m³ meboshad. Andozai 1 litr ob barobari 10 satimetri murraba meboshad, ki vaznash ba …

LUKNAT – in holati saqavi, tutilagi (tutala), vayronshavii nutq dar natijai pagkashii mushakhoi nutq talaffuz karda natavonistani hijohoi alohidai kalima meboshad, ki onro ba zaboni russi «zaikanie» meguyand. Odatan dar sinii 2— 5-solagi paydo meshavad. Aksar tars, bazan taqlidkuni, vayronshavii faoliyati sekresiyai gadudhoi dokhiliusoravi va bemorihoi digar sababi ba vujud …

MADDU JAZR – in harakati raftu omadi jismhoi zamini bar asosi tasiri quvvahoi jozibavii Oftobu Mohtob ba miyon meomadaro menomand. Maddu jazr chand namud meshavad, ki jumlai onho: Lappishhoi davoni sathi Uqyonusi olam (Maddu jazri bahri), Deformasiyai Zamin (Maddu jazri zamini), Lappishhoi fishori atmosfera (Madddu jazrii atmosferi). Agar oddi karda guem, …

Manto Saodat Hasan (11- 5. 1912, Sumbrala, nazdiki Amritsar — 18.1.1955, Lohyp) navisaidai pokistoni. Ba zaboni urdu menavisht. Faoliyati adabiash bo tarjumai dramai O. Uayld «Bovari yo Nigilistho» ogoz yoftaast. In asar, ki ba revolyusioneroni rus bakhshida shuda bud, bo maylu ragbati ba goyahoi milliyu ozodikhohi doshtai Manto muvofiq aftod Manto …

Leontovich Mikhail Aleksandrovich (tav. 7.3.1903, Moskva va sanai vafot 30.03.1981), fiziki rus, akademiki AF SSSR (1946; azokorr. 1939). S. 1923 Universiteti Moskvaro khatm kard. Azoi komissiya oid ba tadqiqoti anomaliyai magnitii Kursk. Az soli 1929 khodimi ilmii Instituti fizikai Universiteti Moskva. Professori Universiteti Moskva (1934—45 va 1955 — 1971). Solhoi …

Leonardoi Pizani (Leonardo Pisano), yo khud Fibonachi (Fibonacci) (taqriban soli 1170 tavallud shuda badi soli 1228 vafot kardaast), matematiki italiyavi. Ba mamlakathoi Sharq, safar karda, bo komyobihoi matematikai arab shinos shudaast; in baroi dar mamlakathoi Garb pahn shudani matematikai Sharq kumak rasond. Asarhoi asosiash «Liher Abaci» (1202)—risola dar borai arifmetika …

Leonidze Georgiy Nikolaevich (27.12.1899, dehai Patarzeuli, hozira payoni Sagaredjoy — 9.8.1966, Tbilisi), shoiri sovetii gurji, Shoiri Khalqii Gurjiston (1959), akademik. AF RSS Gurjiston (1944). Azoi KPSS az soli 1945. Asarhoyash az soli 1911 nashr shudaand. Voqeiyati sotsialisti ba ashori Leonidze solhoi 20-um dokhil gardid («Shabi nazdi Zages», «Dar sohilhoi Iora»). …

Leonov Aleksey Arkhipovich (tav. 30.5.1934, dehai Listvyankai payoni Tisul, viloyati Kemerovo), lyotchik-kayhonnavardi SSSR, general – leytenanti aviasiya, du karat Qahramoni Ittifoqi Soveti (1965; 1975). Azoi KPSS az soli 1957. Pas az khatmi Omuzishgohi harbii aviasionii Chuguev (1957) dar Quvvahoi harbii havoi khizmat kard. Dar otryadi kayhonnavardon az soli 1960. Akademiyai …

Leonov Leonid Maksimovich (tav. 31.5.1899, Moskva va sanai vafot 8-umi avgusti 1994), navisandai rus, akad. AF SSSR (1972), Khodimi Khizmatinshondodai Sanati RSFSR (1949), Qahramoni Mehnati Sotstialisti (1967). Az oilai savdogar. Aa soli 1915 asarhoyash chop meshavand. Soli 1920 dar safhoi Armiyai Surkh, dar muhoribahoi Fronti Janubi ishtirok va dar gazetahoi …