Ilm

Neoklassitsizm, neoklassika istilohest dar sanatshinosi va qisman adabiyotshinosii soveti, ki  baroi bayoni hodisoti badeii az jihati goyahoi ijtimoivu mundarifai mafkuravi gunoguni okhiri asri 19 va asri 20 qabul shudaast. Ragbat ba annahoi sanati atiqa, sanati davrai Ehyo va klassisizm khosi Neoklassitsizm ast. Istilohi «Neoklassitsizm» (asosan dar sanatshinosii khorija) inchunin baroi …

Neron Klavdii Tsezar (Claudi­us Caesar Nero) (37—68), imperatori Rim (az soli 54) az sulolai Yuliy Klavdiyho. Solhoi avval bo rizoiyati senat hukmroni karda, bad siyosati takib va musodirakuniro pesh girift. Javoban ba in na tanho ayonu ashrofi senat, balki tabaqahoi digar niz ba muqobili u khuruj kardand. Dar naticha bisyor …

Neokonfusiychigi, maktabi idealistin falsafai Khitoy, ki aso­san dar davrai Sun (asrhoi 10—13) dar rafti muboriza bo buddoiya va daosizm tashakkul yofta, dar ayni hol khud niz ba tasiri onho duchor omadaast. Saromadoni Neokonfusiychigi navisanda na faylasufi asrhoi 8—9 Khan Yuya va shogirdash Li Ao bo maqsadi bartaraf namudani tasiri talimoti …

Nesmeyanov Aleksandr Nikolae­vich (tavalludash 09. 09. 1899, Moskva), khimikorganiki soveti, akad. AF SSSR (1943; azo-korr. 1939), khodimi jamiyati. Du karat Qahramoni Mehnati Sotsialisti (1969, 1979). Azoi KPSS az soli 1944. Nesmeyanov badi khatmi Universiteti Moskva (1922) to soli 1951 (solhoi 1948—1951 rektor) dar hamon jo kor kard va dar yak …

Neolit (az neo… va lilhos — sang), asri navi sang, davrai okhirini asri cang. Neolit hazorahoi 10—4 to milodro darbar megirad. Dar territoriyai Osiyoi Miyona, az jumla Tojikistoni imruza ba khazorai 5—3 to milod taalluq dorad. Dar davrahoi avvali Neolit odamon az loy zarfho sokhta, dar otash mepukhtand. Dar in …

Nesti, kategoriyai sistemahoi idealistist, ki vujudi konkreti va umuman hastiro rad mekunand. Falsafai materialisti Nestiro katego­riyai falsafi namedonad. Vay aqidaero ba nazar megirad, ki olami moddi mahvnopazir va khaloi mutlaq imkonnopazir ast. Dar tapuxu falsafai idealisti az davrai atiqa ba Nesti du tarz munosibati asosi vujud dorad. Dar sistemai yak …

Neologizm (az neo… va logos — kalima), kalima, tarkib, ibora va mafhumhoi nav dar zabon. Tarkibi lugavii zabon hamesha dar inkishof ast va vobasta ba inkishofi doimii zabon baze kalimaho manoi nav megirand. Az tarafi digar, dar za­bon bisyor kalimahoi nav — Neologizmho paydo meshavand. Neologizm mafhumi tarikhist. Bisyor kalima …

Nefelin (az yun. nephe1e — abr), mineral az sinfi silikatho. Tarkibi khimiyaviash KNa3[AlSiO4]4. Odatay dar tarkibash khele bisyor silitciy va chun omekhta kalsiy, mag­niy, bazan ohan, berilliy, khlor, ob, galliy ham dorad. Sistemai kristallbandiash geksagonali. Agregathoi yaklukhti donador, bazan kristallhoi kutohi priamamonand hosil menamoyad. Berang, gulobirang, khokistarrang yo sabzrang meshavad. …

Neytralizatsiya (frans. nout- ralisalion, az lotini neuter —na inu na on), reaksiyai neytralizatsiya reaksiyai khimiyavii bayni moddahoe, ki khosiyati kislotagi va asosi dorand. Dar natijai Neytralizatsiya nishonahoi khosi har du modda az bayn meravand. Reaksiyai Neytralizatsiya dar sanoati khimiya, korkardi partovi bazo korkhonaho, tajribahoi laboratori va khususan dar tahlili khimiyavy …

Neytrino (ital. neutrino — neytroncha, ae ncutrone — neytron), zarrai elementarii az jihati elektri khunso, ki massai sukunatash khele khurd (soli 1980 massai Neytrinoro guruhi fizikhoi soveti tahti rohbarii  V. A. Lyubimov muayyan kardand, ki on az massai elektron 20 hazor marotiba khurd budaast), momenti magnitiash barobari sifr, spinash barobari …