Ilm

FORMULAI TRAPESIYaHO, formulaest baroi hisobi taqribii integralhoi muayyan; shaklash in tavr ast:

FORMULAHOI TAQRIBI, formulahoi matematikieand, ki az formulahoi navi f(x)=f*(x)+ε(x) hosil meshavand; in jo ε(x) – azoi boqimonda (sahv, buzurgii khurdest, ki badi baho dodani sahehi partofta meshavad). Masalan, formulai taqribii (1 + kh2) ≈ 1 + 2kh az formulai daqiqi (1 + kh)2 = 1 + 2kh + kh2 hangomi …

FONDI ASOSII LUGAVII ZABON; qismi asosi va ustuvori tarkibi lugavii zabonro guyand, ki kalimaho (leksika)-i asliyu manbaii zabonro dar bar megirad. Ba fondi asosii lugavii zabon pesh az hama kalimahoe taalluq dorand, ki nomi muhimmu zaruri va mustamali hodisavu voqeoti marbuti zindagi va hayoti voqeiro ifoda menamoyand. Masalan, vomi ashyo …

FITOPATOLOGIYa (az fito… va patologiya), ilmest oid ba kasalihoi rastani, vositavu usulhoi peshgiri va bartaraf kardani onho. Dar miyonahoi asri 20 fitopotologiya hamchun ilmi kompleksie, ki az sohahoi mustaqil — fitomidologiya (ilmest oid ba kasalihoi zanburugii rastani), fitovirusologiya (nigared Kasalihoi virusii rastani), fitonematodologiya (ilmest oid ba bakteriozho va kasalihoi nematodii …

FIShOR, buzurgii fizikiero guyand, ki intensiviyati (ba sath perpendikulyari) quvvai yak jism G ba sathi jismi digar S (masalan, tahkursii bino ba khok, moe ba devorahoi zarf va gayra) tasir mekunad. Agar quvva barobar ba tamomi sath taqsim shuda boshad, on goh R = G/S ast. Fishor. bo Pa = …

FIShORI ATMOSFERI, fishori atmosferai havoro ba jismho va sathi rui zamin guyand. Dar har yak nuqtai atmosfera fishor bo vazni qabati boloii havo muayyan meshavad. Ba balandi vobasta budani fishori atmosferi bo formulai barometri muayyan megardad. Fishori atmosferiro asosan bo barometr chen mekunand. Fishori atmosferi bo millibarho (mbar), nyutoi bar …

FIShORI RUShNOI, fishorest, ki rushnoi ba jismi furubaranda yo inikoskunanda tasir mekunad. Onro bori avval P. N. Lebedev dar tajriba mushohida namud. Fishori rushnoi natijai impulsi fotonhoi fururavanda va inikosi valda Meboshad. Hangomi tasiri nuri Oftob ba jismhoi buzurg nihoyat kam ast.

FLAVINHO (az lotini flavus — zard), payvasthoi organikii tabiiero guyand, ki dar tarkibi hamai hujayrahoi zinda mavjudand. Onho moddahoi faoli biologii muhimand (masalan, riboflavin va hosilahoi on), ki dar jarayoni oksidu barqarorshavii moddaho dar organizm ishtirok mekunand.

FLEKSIYa (az lotini— khamshavi, guzarish), shakli yoridihandaest, ki ba okhiri resha va yo asosi kalima hamroh shuda, baroi ifodai munosibati sintaksisii onho bo kalimai digar dar ibora va jumla khizmat mequiad. Du navi fleksiya— dokhili va beruni vujud dorad. Dar fleksiyai dokhili shakli kali.maho ba vositai tagyiri ovozhoi asosi kalima …

FLOTASIYa (fransuzi Flotation, az floter — dar rui ob shino kardan), prosessi judo namudani zarrachahoi khurdi sakht (asosan mineralho)-ro guyand, ki az jihati dar ob tar shudanashon az hamdigar farq mekunand. Hangomi toza kardani sarvathoi tabii flotasiyai kafkiro istifoda mebarand. Dar in hol zarrachahoi minerali bo hubobchahoi ob yak shuda …