Ilm

Ortrit (az yunoni orthos — rost), allanit, mineralest ae guruhi epidot. Tarkibi khimiyaviash taqriban (Sa, Se, Mn)2 (FeH, Fe3+, Mg) Al*[Si04] [Si207] O (ON). To 6% Se20z va aksar vaqt omekhtahoi Th, U, goho Y2Os (to 8%) dorad. Sistemai kristallbandiash monoklini, kristallhoyash darozi prizma va nayzamonand. Beshtar dar shakli donachaho …

Ortogonali (az yunoni orthos — rost va gneys), jinsi kuhist, ki dar natijai tagyiryobii (metamorfizmi) jinshoi fishonda (granitho, diorithoi kvarsdor va gayra) ba vujud omadaast.

Ortoklaz (az yunoni orthds — rost va klasis — shikastashavi), minerali jinsofarin az guruhi shpahoi dashti. Tarkibi khimiyaviash K [AlSisO*]. Dar tarkibash omekhtahoi Na (to 8% NajO), bazan Va va ba miqdori kam Fe, Sa, Rb, Cs va gayra dorad. Sistemai kristallbandiash monoklini; kristallhoyash prizmashakl. Rangash gulobii ravshan, zardi burtob, …

Orfoepiya (yunoni orphoepeia ae or­thos — durust va epos — nutq, sukhan), majmui qoidahoi talaffuzi adabii yagon zaboni milliro guyand, ki yagonagii sokhti ovozii onro tamin mekunad. Qoidahoi talaffuzi zaboni adabi yakjoya bo normahoi lek­siki, grammatiki, fonetiki, uslubi, imloi va gayra mubodilai afkorro bay­ni namoyandogoni shevahoi mukhtalif osontar mekunand. Qoidahoi …

Ordinata (az lotini ordinatus — murattab), yake az koordinatahoi dekartii nuqta ast, ki bo harfi u ishorat meshavad. Nigared Sistemai koordinatahoi Dekart.

Orientasiya (fransavi orientati­on — samt ba sharq, az lotini oriens — sharq), tamimi mafhumi samti khati rostro ba figurahoi geometrii nisbatan murakkab guyand. Orientasiya dar khati rost. Nuqta az rui khati rost dar du samti muqobil harakat karda metavonad. Masalan, az rui khati rosti go­rizontalii AV (rasmi 1) ham az …

Oogoniy (az yunoni oop — tukhm va gone —tavallud), uzvi jinsii modina (gametantiya)-i aksari rastanihoi darajai pastro guyand. Dar Oogoniy yak va bazan yakchand (masalan, dar obsabzhoi buri siklosporagi) hujayratukhm hosil meshavad.

Ooforit (az lotini oopboron — tukhmhoi), gazaki tukhmdoni zanho. Nigared Salpingooforit.

Organizmhoi geterotrofi, geterotrofho, organizmhoeand, ki baroi gizo payvasthoi tayyori organikiro istifoda mebarand. Ba Organizmhoi geterotrofi tamomi hayvonot va odam, inchunin baze rastaniho (zanburugho, aksari parazitho va gayra) va mikroorganizmho mansuband. Vale ba geterotrofi va avtotrofi judo kardani rastaniho va mikroorganizmho shartist, zero hatto avtotrofhoi tipi — rastanihoi sabzi fotosintezkunanda yak …

Opalina (Opalina), yak jinsi hayvonhoi soddatarin, parazitest az sinfi qamchinakdorho. Tanaash bargshakl (daroziash to 1 millimetr) buda, bo qamchinakho pushida shudaast. Ektoplazma va andoplazma bo dahho, bazan sadho yadro az ham chudo gashtaast. Surokhii dahon nadorad, bo tav­ri osmosi gizo megirad. Bo rohi gayrijinsi (ba du taqsimshavi) va jinsi (kopulyasiya) …