Ilm

«MUSTALEHOT-USh-ShUARO» farhangi frazeologii forsi-tojiki. Soli 1767 az tarafi Vorastai Siyolkuti talif shudaast. Bo nomi «Mustalehoti V o r a s t a» niz mashhur ast. Dar farhang kalimavu iborahoi dushvorfahm, idiomaho (iborahoi majozi) va gayra sharh yoftaand, ki muallif onkhoro az devonhoi shoironi gunogun daryofta, sharhu tafsirashonro az far-hanghoi mavjuda …

MUSKOVIT, mineral az guruhi abraq, tarkibi khimiyaviash KA1a [AlSijOio] * (ON)2. Sistemai kristallbandii on monoklini; kristallhoyash takhta-takhta. Sakhtiash 2,5—3; zichiash 2760—3100 kilogramm/metr3. Odatan be-rang, bazan burtob yo sabztob meshavad. Jiloyash shishagun. Muskovit qismi tarkibii jinshoi magmaviyu metamorfi (granitho, pegmatithoi graniti, sienitho, greyzenho, varaqsanghoi kristalli, gneysho) meboshad. Kristallhoi kalon (barash to …

MUSO (ba yahudii qadim Moshe), muvofiqi rivoyati dini, sarvari qabilahoi yahudi, paygambar va asosguzori dini yahudi (asri 13 to milod). Az rui afsonai dini Muso dar kudaki tasodufan az khatari marg najot yofta, dar tarbiyai dukhtari firavni Misr ba voya rasida, bad majbur shudaast az Misr gurezad va dertar ba …

MUSALSALA (arabi—oinai zanjirband), burjest dar Nimkurai shimolii os­mon. Dar astronomiyai klassikii Sharq bo nomi Mirotulmusalsala, Amrotulmusalsala niz duchor meoyad, ki murodifi lotiniash Andromeda meboshad. Nigared niz Andromeda.

MURJIIYa (az arabi—umed, orzu, chashmdosht), yake az talimothoi diniyu akhloqiest, ki dar shariati islom masalai ozodii irodaro ba tavri khos hal namudaast. Mutaziliyon takid mekardand, ki shakhsi gunohi sakht sodirkarda kofir na­meshanad, ammo ahli khorijiya sobit menamudand, ki in qabil shakhsi musulmon kofir meshavad. Bar khilofi hamai inho va khususan …

MUSAELYaN Aleksandr Arkadevich (tavallud 26. 6. 1926, Grozniy), oli-mi soveti dar sohai geologiyai injeneri. Doktori ilmhoi geologiyayu mineralogiya (1969), direktori Filiali osiyoi-miyonagii Instituti tadqiqoti ilmii asos va inshooti zerizaminii ba nomi N. M. Gersevanov (az 1974). Badi khatmi Universiteti Davlatii Tojikiston (1953) dar Instituti loihakashii «Tojikproekt» (1953— 61) dar vazifahoi …

MURChOL, murchal rohi zerizamini va magoke, ki baroi gi- riftani qala yo az on gurekhtan dar atrof va dokhili on kanda meshud. Lashkari mamlakathoi Sharqi Qa­dim az Murchol baroi fathi qalahoi mustahkami dushman istifoda meburd. Murcholro odatan makhfi durtar az beruni qala to zeri devori on mekoftand va tavassuti vay …

MURUD, murud, nok, anjirak (Pyrus tadshikistanica), darakhtest az oilai nastaraniho. Balandiash 15—20 metr, dia­metri tanaash 35 —40 santimetr; dar mahaldoi garmser odatan darakhti pastqadi pattamonand, balandiash 2—4 metr, diametri tanaash 10—15 santimetr. Pustlokhi tanai kuhnaash khokistarrang, shokhchahoi yaksolaash qahvarangi surkhtob, bargash mudavvar  yo  tukhmshakli oda­tan durushtu charmgun (daroziash 6—7 santimetr); …

MURUDI KhIRSAK, khirsakmurud (Pyrus regelii), darakhtest az oilai nastaraniho. Balandiash 1,5— 6 metr (diametri tanaash to 60 santimetr), Murudi khirsak:      1 — shokhchai gul; 2 — meva. pustlokhash ashhabi, siyohtob, bargash 3—9-hissagi (darozivu barash 7—8 santimetr), khushagulash v—19-gula, gulash safedi 3— 10-gulbarga, mevaash (6 gula) mudavvar, khele sakht, talkhu tursh. …

MURCh, murchi s i yo h, fulful, f i l f i l, (Piper nigrum), buttai lianmonandest az oilai  murchiho. daroziash to 12 metr; poyai borik, bargi bayzashakli dumchadori paydarham joygiranda, khushaguli sarakmonand (daroziash 5—10 santimetr), guli may­dai safed yo zardtob va guraki yakpalla dorad. Az vazishi bod gardolud meshavad. …