Ilm

MUTTASILI VA MUNFASILI (az arabi muttasil va-judoshuda), kategoriyahoi falsafiand, ki sokhti materiya va rafti inkishofi onro tavsif mekunand. Muttasili dar yagonagi, aloqamandi va vobastagii mutaqobili unsurhoi in yo on sistema zohir meshavad. Dar jarayoni inkishof muttasili imkoniyati az yak holat ba holati digar guzashtani obektro nishon medihad. Munfasili sokht va …

MUSKhELIShVILI Nikolay Ivanovich (16. 2. 1891, Tbilisi —15. 7. 1976, hamon jo), matematik va mekhaniki soveti, akademik (1939; azo-korrespondent 1933) va azoi Prezidiumi Akademiyai Fanhoi Ittifoqi Respublikahoi Sovetii Sotsialisti SSSR (az 1957); akademik (1941), prezident (1941—72) va prezidenti fakhrii Akademiyai Fanhoi Respublikai Sovetii Sotsialistii Gurjiston (1972-76), Qahramoni Mehnati Sotsialisti (1945). …

MUTAGENEZ (az lotini mutatio — tagyiryoby va …genez), prosessi tag-yiryobii irsi — mutasiyaro guyand, ni az tasiri sharoithoi tabii (khud az khud) yo omilhoi gunoguni fiziki yo khimiyavi mutagenho ba vujud meoyad. Asosi Mutagenezro tagyiryobii molekulahoi kislotahoi nukleat, ki nigahdor va noqili akhbori irsi meboshand, tashkil medihand. In tagyiryobi chun …

MUTANOSIBI (az arabi doroi tanosub, sozu munosib), soddatarin shakli vobastagii funksionalist. Mutanosibi rosta va chappa meshavad. Agar nisbati du buzurgii tagyiryobanda betagyir monad, yane hangomi chand karat kamu ziyod shudani yake az onkho nisbati digar niz hamon qadar kamu ziyod shavad, chunin buzurgihoro Mutanosibi rosta menomand. Mutanosibi buzurgihoi kh va …

MUTASIYa (az lotini mutatio — tagyiryobi, ivazshavi), tagyiryobii strukturai irsii materiyai zinda, ki shomil va noqili akhbori genetiki ast. Tamomi shaklhoi hayot — az virusu mikroorganizmho cap karda, to nabototu hayvonot va odam qobili Mutasiya meboshand. Organizmhoi dar natijai Mutasiya tagyiryofta mutant nom dorand. Vohidi Mutasiya mutov (elementi maydatarini gen) …

MUSTAFIN Gabidei (tavallud 26. 11. 1902, uezdi Oqmullo, hozira rayoni Telmani viloyati Qaraganda), navisandai soveti va hodimi jamiyatii qazoq., azo-korrespondent Akademiyai Fanhoi Respublikai Sovetii Sotsialistii Qazoqiston (1958). Az oilai kuchmanchi. Azoi Pratiyai Kommunistii Ittifoqi Soveti KPSS az soli 1940. Dar konhoi angishti Karaganda kor kardaast. Asarhoyash az soli 1927 chop …

MUSTAQIMOV Rashid Galyautdinovich (tavallud 10. 10. 1924, payoni Shestopolski Respublikai Avtonomii Sovetii Sotsialistii Totoriston), veterinar-klinisist, doktori ilmhoi veterinari (1969), azo-korrespondent VASKhNIL (1970), professor (1972J. Ishtirokchii            Jangi Buzurgi Vatani (1941— 45). Mustaqimov soli 1951 Instituti khojagii qishloqi Samarqandro khatm kard. Solhoi 1951—53 veterinar (payoni Samarqand), 1954—57 aspiranti Aka-demiyai veterinarii Moskva, 1958— …

MUSULMONQULOV Rahim (tavallud 21. 1. 1938, dehai Ebuzi payoni Qubodiyon), adabiyotshinosi sovetii tojik, doktori ilmhoi filologi (1980). Az oilai dehqon. Universiteti Davlatii Tojikistonro khatm kardaast (1962. Laboranti kaloni kafedrai zaboni arabi (1963)            , aspirant (1963—66), mual-limi kafedrai adabiyoti sovetii tojiki Universiteti Davlatii Tojikiston (1967—79) bud. Az soli 1980 mudiri hamin …

MUSSONHO (fransavi mousson, az arabi ). bodhoi mavsimi, jarayonhoi havoand, ki dar sathi zamin va dar qismi poyoni troposfera doimo ba yak su vazida, faqat bo ivaz shudani fasli sol muqobili samt mevazand. Sababi asosii paydoishi Mussonho ba andozai kalon az ham farq kardani darajai harorati havoi boloi khushki va …

MUSTAVFII QAZVINI  Khamdulloh ibni Abubakr ibni Ahmad ibni Nasr (1281, Qaevin —1349), muarrikh, adib va geografi fors-tojik. Az oilai mustavfi (hisobchii moliyoti mamlakat). U barobari korhoi mamuri ilmhoi tarikh, adabiyot, geografiyai fors-tochikro omukhta, az khud osori purqimat boqi guzoshtaast. Mustavfii Qazvini solhoi 1334—35 ba uslubi «Shohnoma» iborat az 75 hazor …