Ilm

MUHAMMAD IBNI ZAFAR IBNI UMAR  (soli tavallud va vafotash nomalum), adib va tarjumoni asri 12 fors-tojik. Muhammad az Movarounnahr, zohiran az Bukhoro budaast. U tarjumai forsii «Tarikhi Bukhoro»-i Narshahiro, ki Abunasri Dubovi soli 1130 ijro karda bud, soli 1176 mukhtasar kardaast. In kitob az asar­hoi jolib va fasehi on davr …

MUHAMMAD IBNI LODI DEHLAVI (soli tavallud va vafotash nomalum), lugatnavisi forsizaboni Hinduston. Dar asri 16 umr ba sar burdaast. «Muayid-ul-fuzalo» az muhimtarin talifoti u ba shumor meravad. H. Raufov.

MUQOVIMATI GIDRODINAMIKI (az arabi  va gidrodinamika), aksuttasirest, ki moe ba harakati jismi darunii on merasonad va muqobilatest, ki devorhoi gulbavu kanalho ba harakati moe nishon medihand. Dar surati andaruni seli moe (gaz) budani jismi sokin va yo, baraks, hangomi dar muhiti sokii harakat kardani jism Muqovimati gidrodinamiki ba pro-eksiyai vektori …

MUQOVIMATI MAGNITI (az arabi  va magnit), muarrif (kharakteristika)-i zanjiri magnitiro guyand. Muqovimati magniti Rm ba nisbati quvvai magnitharakatdihanda (F), ki dar zanjiri magniti amal mekunad, bar seli magnitii dar zanjir bavuchudomada (F) barobar ast. Muqovimati magnitii qitai yakjinsai zanjiri magnitiro bo formulai Rm =  = S muayyan kardan mumkin ast, …

MUQOVIMATI ELEKTRI (az arabi va elektr), 1) buzurgiest, ki muqobiliyati zanjiri elektri yo yak qismi onro ba jarayoni elektri tavsif medihad. Vohidash Om. Muqovimati elektri dar natijai ba digar shakl guzashtan yo tabdil yoftani energiyai elektri ba vujud meoyad; dar surati tabdili barnogardi energiyai elektri (asosan ba energiyai garmi) Muqovimati …

MUQOISA dar matematika, tanosubi adadhoi butuni a va b-ro guyand, ki ba adadi butuni dodashudai t (moduli M.) taqsim shudani farqi in adadho (b-a)-ro ifoda mekunad; chunin navishta meshavad: a=b (mod m). Mas., 2=8 (mod 3), zero 2—8 ba E taqsim meshavad. Muqoisa doroi khosiyathoi ziyodest, ki ba khosiyathoi barobari …

MUQOBALA (arabi— rubarushavi), 1) dar astronomiya, vaze, ki dar on tulhoi ekliptikii sayyora va oftob 180° farq dorand. Muqobala tanho baroi sayyorahoi beruna khos ast. Nigared Konfigurasiyai sayyoraho. 2) Dar istilohi kuhna yak qismi ilmi jabr (algebra), nigared Aljabr va-l-muqobala.

MUHAMMAD  (taqriban 570, Mak­ka— 8. v. 632, Madina), voiz (tashviqotchii din) va khodimi siyosi, muassisi islom. Avvalin tarjumai holi Muhammad nimai duyumi asri 8 az tarafi Ibni Ishoq («Hayoti rasuli khudo») tartib doda shudaast. Muhammad ba avlodi ashrofi benavoshudai Bani Hoshim (az qabilai Quraysh) mansub buda, barvaqt yatim mondaast. Muhammad …

MUQOVIMATI AERODINAMIKI (az arabi     — istodagari va aerodinamika), muqovimati peshona, quvvai aerodinamikiero guyand, ki bo on gaz (masalan, havo) ba jismi dar muhiti vay harakatkunanda tasir merasonad. In quvva ba tarafe, ki ba samti surat muqobil ast, ravon meshavad va zimnan az juzhoi tarkibii quvvai aerodinamikist. Az in pu, donistani …

MUGELON, khori magelon, khasak, khorkhasak, oshankhorak (Tribulus terrestris), giyohi yaksolaest az oilai lasfisho. Poyaash chun palak pashn tuda, to 1 metr daroz meshavad. Bargash parmomonand (daroziash 2,5—5*5 santimetr, barash 1,5—2 santimetr), gulash zard, mevaash sitorashakl buda, 2—4-to khori sakhtu tez dorad. Az may to okhiri tobiston gul karda, az iyun …