Biologiya

KhOKKANAK, khokkanakho (Sori-Cidoe), yak jinsi jonvarhoi mushmonandi hasharotkhurro guyand. Pustashon makhmali, poyhoyashon kutoh, sarashon kalon, fukashon khartumchashakl. Xokkanak hayvoni harchikhurand, vale beshtar hasharot va kirminahoro mekhurand. Xokkanak dar khushki (tano Neomys dar obu khushki) zindagi mekunand. Baze Xokkanakho (Sorex) zararrasonjoi khojagii qishloqu jangal – hasharot va kirminai onhoro tamomi sol …

KhOMTOK, yak nav tadbiri agrotekhnikii parvarishi tokro guyand, ki bo maqsadi boz doshtani rushdi navdaho meguzaronand. Xomtok ba quvvat giriftanu rasidani navda va shiragirii amur musoidat mekunad. Xomtokro muvofiqi sharoiti mahallu tokzor va navhoi angur odatan pesh az gul yo badi gul (Khomtoki yakum) va iyun — iyul, vaqte ki …

KhOMUShAK, khomushakho (Simu- lidiiae), yak nav hasharoti khunmakro guyand (az guruhi dubolaho).  Daroziashon az 2 to 4 mm. Dar SSSR 300, az on jumla dar Tojikiston ziyoda az 50 namudi Khomushakho mavjudand. Khuni hayvonot va odamro modinai Xomushak memakad. Az gazidani Xomushak khorish  va gazaki pust paydo meshavad. Khomushakho angezandai …

KhOLESISTIT (az yun. qbole — talkha va kystis — talkhadon), gazaki talkhadonro guyand, ki odatan hangomi dardi sangi talkha ruy medihad. Xolesistit shadid va muzmin meshavad. Ba vujud omadani dardi khurujkunanda dar tarafi rosti shikam, ki ba kitfi rostu shona ham meguzarad, behuzurii dil, qay, tablarza, baland shudani harorati badan …

KhOLESTERIN, moddaest az guruhi sterinho. Dar digar, boftai asab, charbu va g. bisyor ast. Dar hayvonoti muhrador va odam bo ishtiroki Xolesterin gormonhoi jinsi, kortikosteroidho, kislotahoi talkha khosil meshavand. Barziyodii Xolesterin dar organizmi odam boisi hosilshavii sangi talkha, jamshavii Xolestirin dar devorai ragho va digar ikhtiloli mubodilai moddaho megardad.

KhOKShIR (Erysimun), yak jinsi giyohhoi yak, du yo bisyorsolaest az oilai chillikgulho. Bargash yaklukht, gulash zard, bazan bunafsh yo safed. Mevaash gilofaki sertukhm. Tukhmash maydai zardi dorchini (vazni 1000-toash 0,25—0,3g). May-iyun gul mekunad. Dar Tojikiston Xokshir (11 namud) asosan dar mavzehoi miyonakuh, baze namudhoyash (E. hieracifolium, E. sisumbrioides, humillimum) dar …

KhOLANGIT (az yun. chole — talkha va angeion — par) angiokholit, gazaki naychai talkharonro guyand. Bemori hangomi bozistodani jarayoni talkha inkishof meyobad. Sababi asosii Xolangit iltihobi muzmini talkhadon va minbad ba rohhoi ikhroji talkha pahn shudani on meboshad. Xolangit shadid va muzmin meshavad. M. Bobokhojaev.

KhOLEMIYa (az yun. qbole — talkha va haima — khun), zahroludshavii organizm az kislotai talkha, ki dar khun jam megardad (dar natijai ikhtiloli kori jigar va ikhroji talkha). Khorishi badan, sustii nabz, past shudani fishori khuni sharayon, kamkhuni va g. zuhuroti Kholemiyaand.  

SUGUR (Marmota), sugar, usgar, usgur, jonvarest surkhchamuy az jinsi khoyandaho. Darozii tanashto 60 sm va dumash to 30 sm. 15 namudash dar dashtu (gayr az biyobonu tundra) kuhhoi Nimkurai shimoli to balandii 4800 m az sathi bahr pahn shudaast. Dar SSSR 6, az jumla dar Tojikiston 2 namudash Suguri surkh …

SFENOIDIT (az yunonisppenoidez — fonashakl), gazaki javfi asosi yo javfi ustukhonhoi fonashakli ruyro guyand. Yak nav sinusit.