SOBUNAK

SOBUNAK, sobunakbekh, sobungiyoh, alafi sobunak, kanashtu, jinsi giyohhoi yak yo bisyorsolaest az oilai mekhakho. Poyaash sershokh, bargash neshtarshakl, gulash 5-bargai dujinsa, guzaash bayzashakd, darozruya, kushodanashavanda, tukhmash gurdashakli chindor. Dar dunyo 20 —30 namudi Sobunak meruyad. Dar Tojikiston 6 namudi on hast.

Peshtar bekhi baze namudhoi Sobun (alalkhusus sobunbekh )-ro ba sifati sobun istifoda meburdand. Sobunakbekh bisyorsolaest, ki 10—50 sm qad mekashad. Poyaash sorshokh, rezabarg (daroziash 1—1,5 sm, barash 3 —10 mm), gulash gulobi yo gulobii safedcha, guzaash bayzashakli darozruya. Aprel— iyun gul karda, meva mebandad. Dar nisheobihoi sanglokh, jariqon gajdor, burkhkhok, dar pistazor va shibogzor (mavzeoi janubi Tojikiston va sohilhoi Sir dar balandnn 700—2200 m az sathi bahr) meruyad.

Sobunakro dar baze mamlakatqo (RFG, Avstriya, Fransiya, Yunon, SSSR va gayra) meparvarand. Bekhi on bo nomi «sobunakbekhi surkh» mamul ast. On baroi shustani matoi shohi va pashmina ba kor meravad. Dar tibbi khalqi bo bekhi on zardparvin, bugumdard va kasalihoi pust (qubo, puchak, khorishak va gayra)-ro tabobat menamoyand. Jushobashro chun balgamovar va poshobron istifoda mekunand. Holo Sobunakro dar tib chun balgamovar (hangomi bronkhit) tavsiya medihand (6  bekhi maydakardashudai Sobunakro dar 200 ml ob 30 daqiqa mejushonand). Bekhi Sobunak 2,5—30% moddahoi sapononi, bargash glikozidi saponarin va vitamini S dorad. Bargu poyai Sobunak baroi chorvo zahrnok ast.

Adabiyot: Flora Tadjikskoy SSSR. t. 3, L.. 1068; Turova A. D., Lekarstvennie rasteniya SSSR i ikh primenenie, Moskva, 1074.

M. Hojimatov, A. Madaminov.