Таджикистан – Энциклопедия на таджикском языке КИТОБАМ

Nazariyai marifat gnose­ologiya, epistemologiya, yake az faslhoi falsafa buda masalahoi bunyodi marifat va imkoniyathoi on, tanosubi donish va voqeiyatro omukhta, zaminahoi umumii marifatro tadqiq mekunad. Dar falsafai dunyoi qadim masalai asosii Nazariyai marifat masalai tanosubi donishu takhmin va haqiqatu ishtiboh bud. Zimnan donish bo mavzui khud aloqamand donista meshud. Masalan, …

Nazariyai moshin va mekhanizmho (NMM) ilmest dar borai metodhoi umumii tadqiqu loihakashii moshin va mekhanizmho. NMM-ro shartan ba du qism: nazariyai mekhanizmho va nazariyai moshinho judo mekunand. Faslhoi asosii NMM-ro sintezi mekhanizmho, dinamikai mo­shin va mekhanizmho va nazariyai moshin-avtomatho tashkil medikhand. Dar fasli sintezi mekha­nizmho skhemai optimalii mekhanizm va parametrhoi …

Nazariyai majmuho talimotest dar borai khosiyathoi umumii majmuho, alalkhusus majmuhoi beintiho. Mafhumi majmu az jumlai soddatarin mafhumhoi  matematikist, on tarif doda nameshavad, ammo bo misolho sharh dodan mumkin ast. Chunonchi, dar borai majmui kitobhoi yagon. kitobkhona, majmui nuqtahoi khati rost, majmui halhoi yagon muodila sukhan ronda metavonem. Kitobhoi kitobkhonai mazkur, …

Nazariyai muvozinat nomi mushtaraki yak qator talimothoi ijtimoiyu tarikhii gayrimarksistist, ki jarayoni inkishof va amaliyoti jamiyat yo unsurhoi onro dar asosi prinsipi muvozinati az tabiatshinosi giriftashuda tabir mekunand. Dar asri 17 paydo shuda (B. Spino­za, T. Gobbs, G. V. Leybnits), sani­tar az tarafi pozitivistov (O. Kont, G. Spenser va digaron) …

Nazariyai navho  dar khi­miya, nazariyaest, ki payvasthoi khi- miyaviro mahsuli dar payvasthoi «mamul»-i kamshumor ivazshavii yak element (radikal) bo elementi (radikali) digar meshumorad. In nazariyaro soghoi 1839—1840 khimiki fransavi J. B. Dyuma peshnihod kardaast. Soli 1853 khimiki digari fransavi Sh. Jerar «Nazariyai navhoi nav»-ro kor karda baromad. Muvofiqi Nazariyai navhoi …