Jugrofia

SKOPE , Skople  shahrest dar janubi Yugoslaviya, poytakhti Respublikai Sotsialistii Makedoniya. Dar sohili daryoi Vardar voqe ast. Aholiash 460 hazor  nafar (1977). Uzeli muhimi naqliyot. Korkhonahoi sanoati tamoku (kalontarin dar Yugoslaviya), pivopazi, konservi mevayu sabzavot, ordkashi, gusht, sobunpazi, charmu poyafzol, bofandagi, metallurgi, istehsoli masnuoti alyumini, moshinhoi khojagii qishloq, sanoati khimiya, …

 SMOLENSK, shahr, markazi viloyati Smolenski RSFSR. Uzeli rohi ohan va rohhoi avtomobilgard. Bandar dar daryoi Dnepr. Aholiash 326 hazor nafar (1984). Smolensk beshtar az 40% mahsuloti umumii sanoati viloyatro medihad. Sohahoi asosii sanoatash: moshinsozi (ittihodiyai «Analitpribor», zavodhoi aviatsiya, «Izmeritel» va gayra) va sanoati sabuk. YOdgorihoi memoriash: qalai Smolensk (1595—1602), kalisoi …

SISZYaN, daryoest dar janubi Khitoy. Tulash 2130 km, masohati havzaash 437 hazor km2 (az jumla taqriban 11 hazor km2 dar territoriyai Vetnam). Sargahash dar kuhsori Yunian. Badi hamrohshavii daryohoi Yusayani dar nazdikii shahri Nannin (Vetnam) Siszyan nom megirad. Daryo ba masofai ziyod az kanori janubii kuhhoi Nanlin  jori shuda, darahoi …

SISILIYa , kalontarin jaziraest dar bahri Miyonazamin, dar hayati Italiya. Masohatash 25,7 hazor km2. Dar janubi nimjazirai Apennin voqe gashta, az on ba vositai gul. Messina (joi kambarash 3,5 km) judo shudaast. Relefi Sisiliya asosan az kuhu teppaho iborat ast. Dar qismi sharqii jazira vulqoni kalontarini Evropa — Etna (3340 …

SIGNOQ, shahri qadime bud dar janubii Qizilurda, sohili rosti daryoi Sir. Dimnai Signoq dar bayni aholi bo nomi «Sagonakteppa», «Sunoqota», «Sunoqqurgon» malum ast. Doir ba masalai dar kadom davra bino yoftani Signoq malumoti aniqe nest. Mahmudi Qoshgari (asri 11) dar asarhoi khud ba darajai baland taraqqi kardani shahrro qayd kardaast. …

SISTON viloyati tarikhie dar hududi Eron va Afgoniston (dar zamoni qadim Drangiana niz menomidand). Nomi Siston az nomi qabilai sakoiho barmeoyad. Qabilahoi hinduevropoii sakoiho taqriban dar miënahoi asri 2 to milod az Shimol omada, dar in jo maskan giriftand va ba sukunatgohi khud Sakiston (mamlakati sakoiho) nom dodand (dertar Siiston,Siston …

ABR, mahsuli muallaqi kondensatsiyai bugi ob dar atmosfera, ki dar osmon az sathi zamin mushohida meshavad. Abr az qatrahoi khurdtarini ob yo zarrahoi yakh iborat ast. Abr omili muhimi obu havost, ki nizomi borishoti atmosferiro muayyan me¬kunad va ba mizoni harorati atmos¬fera tasir merasonad. Abr ba hisobi miyona qarib nimi …

SEUL, shahri kalontarin, markazi asosii iqtisodi va madanii Koreyai Janubi. Aholiash 9,5 mln nafar (11984). Bandari bahri. Korkhonahoi sanoati bofandagi, sabuk, khimiya, sement, kogaz, moshinsozi dorad. Seul dar ibtidoi asrhoi miyona hamchun istehkomi harin bunyod yoftaast. To okhiri asri 14 shahri khurde bud. Solt 1394 poytakhti Koreya gardid. Az soli …

SELDARA, daryoest dar shimoli garbi Pomir, dar rayoni Murgobi Viloyati Avtonomii Badakhshoni Kuhi. Tulash 19 killometr. Masohati havzaash 3290 km3. Seldara az piryakhi Fedchenko (dar balandii 2900 m) ibtido yofta, az vodii vasei kuhi meguzarad va bo daryoi Savuqsoy yak shuda, daryoi Mugsu (shokhobi chapi Surkhob)-ro tashkil medihad. Manbaash piryakhu …

SAHROI KABIR biyoboneet dar Afrikai Shimoli, kalontarin biyoboni tropikii kurai zamin (qarib 1/4 hissai qitai Afrikaro ishgol mekunad). Dar hududi nohiyahoi jazirai Marokash, Tunis, qismi ziyodi Aljazoir, Mavritaniya, Respublikai Misri Arab, Libiya, nohiyahoi shimoli Mali, Nigeriya, Chad va Sudon voqe gardidaast. Biyobon az Garb ba Sharq 5700 km, az Shimol …