Jugrofia

RIU-GRANDI, shahr va bandarest dar janubi sharqi Braziliya. Dar daromadgohi kullagunai Patusi uqyonusi Atlantik voqe gashtaast. Aholiash 116,8 hazor nafar (1970, bo atrofash). Stansiyai rohi ohan. Ba vositai bandar ba khorija sholi, mahsuloti gushtin, pashm, charm mebarorad. Sohahoi sanoatash: khurokvori (konservi gushtu mohi, pivopazi va gayra), tamoku, charmu poyafzol, khimiya. …

RESPUBLIKAI ShARQI DUR (RShD), respublikai demokrati dar Sibiri Sharqi va Sharqi Dur (1920 —1922), ki dar on sinfi korgar bo sarvarii Partiyai kommunisti mavqei asosi dosht. Respublikai Sharqi Dur bo tashabbusi Vladimir Ilich Lenin tashkil yoft. Respublikai Sharqi Dur 6 apreli 1920 dar Sezdi muassisoni mehnatkashoni Verkhneudinsk elon karda shud. …

KhELSINKI (fini Nelsinki), Gelsingfors (shvedi Nelsingfors), poytakhti Finlyandiya. Dar sohili khaliji Fin voqe gashtaast. Kalontarin bandari mamlakat, uzeli rohhoi naqliyot. Aholiash 485 hazor nafar (4985). Markazi asosii sanoati mamlakat. Moshinsozi (kishtisozi, elektrotekhnika, elektronika, asbobsozi), sanoati bofandagi, khimiya, duzandagi, charmu poyafzol, khurokvori (qannodi, spirtu araq, ordkashi, tamoku) va chiniyu fayans rivoj …

KhITOY, Chin, Respublikai Khalqii Khitoy, Resspublikai Khalqii Khitoy, davlatest dar Osiyoi Markazi va Sharqi. Az sharq bo bahrhoi Zard, Sharqi Khitoy va Janubi Khitoy ihota shudaast. Qad-qadi sohil jazirahoi sershumor (kalontarinashon jazirahoi Tayvan va Khaynan) mavjudand. Masohatash 9,6           mln km2. Az jihati miqdori aholi kalontarin mamlakati jahon meboshad—1046,39 mln nafar. …

KhERSON, shahr, markazi viloyati Khersoni RSSUkraina, bandari bahri dar rezishgohn daryoi Dnepr. Uzeli rohi ohan Aholiash 340 hazor nafar (1984). Sohahoi asosii sanoatash: moshinsozi (az on jumla kishtisozi), korkardi neft, sanoati sabuk, khurokvori, masolehi binokori. 3 maktabi oli, 2 teatr va gayra dorad. Soli 1778 bunyod yoftaast; az 1783— shahr, …

KhERSON, viloyatest dar RSSUkraina 30 marti 1944 tasis yoftaast. Masohat 28,5 hazor mm2. Aholiash 1205 hazor nafar (1984), ahodii shahri 60%. 18 rayoni mamuri, 8 shahr va 30 pgsh dorad; markaaash shahri Kherson. Dar hududi pastihoi Nazdibahrisiyoh joygir shudaast. Daryoi asosiash Dnepr. Dar hududi Xerson obanbori Kakhovka voqe ast. Kharorati …

KhIYONAT BA VATAN, muvofiqi ququqi sovoti kirdori makhsusan khavfnoki davlatiro guyand. Qasdan ba istiqloliyati davlat, dakhlnopazirii territoriya yo iqtidori qarbii SSSR zarar rasondai Xiyonat ba Vatan donista meshavad. Ba tarafi dushman guzashtan, josusi kardan, oshkor namudani sirri davlati yo harbi, yori rasondan ba davlati khoriji baroi faoliyati dushmanon ba muqooili …

KhIROSIMA, shahrest dar Yaponiya, dar qismi janubu garbii jazirai Khonsyu. Bandar dar deltai daryoi Ota: Markazi mamuri prefekturai Khirosima, Aholiash 852 hazor nafar (1977). Markazi muhimmi nakliyot, sanoat va madaniyat. Korkhonahoi sanoati moshinsozi (kishtisozi, dastgohu asbobsozi), harbi, rezinhoi tekhniki, chubgari, kogaz, bofandagi dorad. Universitet hast. Shahr dar atrofi qalai knyazi …

KhEVA, shahrest dar viloyati Khorazmi RSS Uzbakiston 30 km durtar az stansiyai rohi ohan Urganj voqest. 3avodhoi pakhta. safolot, kombinati qolinbofi, fabrikai armugon va gayra dorad. Bino ba malumoti arkheologi Xeva dar okhiri asri 1 to melod bunyod shudaast. Okhiri asri 16—1920 poytakhti khonii Kheva, solhoi 1920—’24 — poytakhti Respublikai …

KhINGOB, Khingov, daryoest dar RSS Tojikiston, shokhobi chapi daryoi Vakhsh. Aa yakshavii daryohoi Garmo va Qirgizob ba vujud omadaast. Daryo az piryakhi Garmo ibtido yofta, dar nazdikii dehai Labijar ba daryoi Vakhsh merezad. Tulash 196 km, masohati havzaash 6660 km2. Shokhobhoi kalonash: Ragnov, Sariob, Surkhob, Bokhud va Obi mazor. Xingob …