SISTEMAI ENERGETIKI

SISTEMAI ENERGETIKI, majmui stansiyahoi elektriero guyand, ki bayni yakdigar va istemolkunandagon tavassuti khathoi intiqoli elektr (KhIE) payvast shudaand. Stansiyahoi harorati, atomi va gidroelektri, KhIE, stansiyahoi farii elektri, shabakahoi harorati va elektri, qabulkunakhoi energiyai harorati va energiyai elektri Ststemat elnktrikiro tashkil medihand. Dar masalai bo energiya tamin namudani istemolkunandagon Sistemai elektrtki nazar ba stanstyahoi elektrii alohida bartarihoi ziyode dorad: boetimodii taminoti energiya; harchi behtar istifoda namudann zakhirahoi energetikii (suzishvori va energiyai ob) mintaqa past shudani arzishi aslii energiyai elektr az hisobi bayni stansiyahoi elektri samaranok taqsim namudani istemolkunandagon; istifodabarii tajhizoti balandiqtidor va gayra. Asosan du navi Sistemai elnktri mavjud ast: 1) sistemai yagonai energetiki (SYaE), ki sistemahoi energetikii tamomi mamlakat (yo khud yak qismi on)-ro dar bar. megirad; 2) sistemai muttahidai energetiki (SME), ki majmui sistemahoi energetikiro bo KhIE dar bar megirad. Az punkti yagonai dispetcheri idora kardani SME ba muntazam va mutadil kor kardani sistemahoi energetiki imkoniyat medihad.

  Du namudi asosii zakhirahoi energetikiro az ham farq mekuvand: zakhirahoi suvishvori — angisht, neft, gazi tabii, torf, chub va zakhirahoi gyayri suzishvori — energiyai ob, energiyai yadro va energiyahoi shamol, maddi bahr va puri Oftob. Inkishofi sistemahoi kaloni energetiki va nazariyai onho asosan az nimai duyumi asri 20 ogoz yoft. Baroi solhoi 60 asri 20 raviyai navi inkishofi energetikai soveti khos bud, ki on dar muttahid gardondani iqtidorhoi energetiki, tashakkuli sistemahoi muttahidai energetiki, bunëdi Sistemai elektrii «Mir» (majmui Sistemai yagonai energetikii Qismi evropoii Ittifoqi Soveti va sistemahoi energetikii mamlakathoi azoi SEV) zuhur meyoft. Holo dar SSSR 11 sistemai muttahidai energetiki tashkil shudaast. Nigared niz Sistemai energetikii Osiyoi Miyona.

                                                                        D. Davlatshoev, F. H. Ochilova.