SANOATI QANNODI

SANOATI QANNODI, yak sohai sanoati khurokvorist, ki dar fabrikahoi makhsusgardonida, sekhhoi kombinati non, zavodhoi konserv va kombinathoi khurokvori masnuoti qannodi mebarorad. Dar Rossiya kasbi pryanikpazi (kulchai qandin) dar asrhoi 15—16 malum bud. Nimai duyumi asri 18 dar Peterburg va Moskva korkhonahoi makhsusi «qannodi» budand, ki -dar onho pirojni, halvoi magzi (nugu), konfet, halvoi bodomdor (marsipan), nushokii shokoladdor tayyor mekardand. Soli 1913 dar Rossiya 142 korhonai qannodi bud, ki dar onho 17405 nafar korgar kor mekardand. In korkhonaho 70,1 hazor tonna masnuoti gunoguni qannodi mebarovardand. Az korkhonahoi qannodii torevolyutsioni beshtar fabrikahoi Eynem (hozira «Krasniy Oktyabr»), Siu (hozira «Bolishevik»), fabrikai Abrikosov (Moskva) va gayra mashhur budand. Dar in korkhonaho qarib hamai korho dasti ijro meshudand. Ruzi kori 10—12 soat bud.

Sanoati qannodii Ittifoqi Respublikahoi Sovetii Sotsialisti Soyuz Sovetskikh Sosialisticheskikh Respublik SSSR-dar panjsolahoi peshazjangi (1929—40) bosurat taraqqi kard, bisyor korkhonahoi mavjuda az nav tajhitzonida va dar shahrhoi gunogun 50 fabrikai navi qannodi sokhta shudand. Dar natijai mekhanikoni istehsoli masnuoti qannodi khele afzud. Soli 1940 fabrikai qannodii «Krasniy Oktyabr» (Moskva) 55,4 hazor tonna va fabrikai «Bolshevik» 54,3 hazor tonna masnuoti qannodi barovardand.
Solhoi 1946—1970 qarib 60 fabrikai qannodii universali, az jumla 25 korkhonai hajmi istehsoli har kadom az 10 to 25 hazor tonna sokhta shudand. Soli 1969 dar shahri Kuybishev fabrikai shokolad (kalontarin dar Evropa) ba kor daromad. Istehsoli masnuoti qanno- di 28,5 barobar afzuda, az 125 to ba 3750 hazor tonna (1979) va ba har sari aholi az 0,8 to ba 13,5 kilogramm rasid.
Prosesshoi istehsolii Sanoati qannodii hozirazamon ba darajai baland mekhanikonida shudaand. Sanoati qannodi dar respub- likahoi ittifoqi taraqqi karda istodaast. Shiravorpazi kasbi qadimai tojikon ast. Hunarmandoni tojik az ashyoi khomi mahalli khelhoi gunoguni shiravorhoi milli — nishollo, murabbo, halvo, parvarda, nabot, pechak, obidandon va gayra taiyor mekardand. Dar Tojikistoni torevolyutsioni shiravorro dar korkhonahoi khurdi hunarmandi mepukhtand. Solhoi Hokimiyati Soveti istehsoli shiravor afzud.
Soli 1964 avvalin korkhonai kaloni Sanoati qannodi— Fabrikan «Shirin» ba kor daromad. Pas az on fabrikahoi yakum (Dushanbe) va duyum (Leninobod) sokhta shudand, Ittihodiyai «Lazzat» ba kor daromad. Sanoati qannodii respublika doroi 11 korkhonai mustaqil ast, ki onho sadho nafar korgaron dorand. In korkhonaho sole 31,9 million sumina (1982) mahsulot mebarorand. Vazni qiyosii Sanoati qannodi dar sanoati khurokvorii respublika az rui miqdori korkhonaho, shumorai korgaron va hajmi mahsulot khele khurd ast. Dar korkhonai kalontarin Fabrikai «Shirin» 77% korgaroni Sanoati qannodii respublika kor mekunand. In fabrika 74% mahsuloti qaniodii respublikaro mebarorad.
Adabiyot: Fedorovskiy A. B„ Konditerskaya promishlennost Soyuza Sovetskikh Sosialisticheskikh Respublik SSSR za godi Sovetskoy vlasti. Moskva„ 1959; Solomonov Sh. M„ Razvitie sosialisticheskoy promishlennosti Tadjikistana, Dushanbe„ 1967; Spravochnik konditera, chasti 1—2, Moskva„ 1966 —1970; Sovetskiy Tadjikistan za 60 let. Statsbornik, Dushanbe„ 1984. M. N. Nurnazarov.