Nazariyai shabohat

Nazariyai shabohat, talimotest dar borai sharthoi shabohati ho- disahoi fiziki. Nazariyai shabohat ba talimoti andozanokii buzurgihoi fiziki takya mekunad va asosi modeleozii fizikiro tashkil medihad. Vazifai Nazariyai shabohat muqarrar namudani meyorhoi shabohati hodisahoi fizikii guno­gun va dar asosi in meyorho omukhtani khosiyati khudi hodisaho ast. Shabohati fiziki tamimi mafhumi shabohati geometri meboshad.

Mavridi shabohati geometri bayni elementhoi ashkol yo jismhoi monand mutanosibiyat mavjud ast. Dar mavridi shabohati fizikii maydon boshad, muvofiqan parametrhoi fizikii du sistema dar vaqt va fazo ba ham monandand. Masalan, hangomi shabo­hati kinematiki maydoni surathoi du harakati muoinashavanda monandand. Shabohati dinamiki, mekha­niki, kivematikiyu dinamiki, monandii prosesshoi garmi, monandii elektrodinamiki niz misolhoi mo­nandii fiziki meboshayad. Payvasta ba inkishofi prosesshoi murakkabi fiziki va fizikiyu khimiyavi, ki hodisoti mekhaniki, harorati va khimiyaviro dar bar megirand, usulhoi Nazariyai shabohati in prosessho niz inkishof meyoband (masalan., sharthoi shabohati pro­sesshoi soish va farsoishi detalhoi moshin, kinetikai tabdiloti fizi­kiyu khimiyavi va gayra muqarrar karda meshavand).

Mutanosibiyati hamai parametrhoi hodisahoi monand ba on ovarda merasonad, ki hamai joydigarkunihoi beandozai az in parametrho tartibdodashavanda baroi hodisahoi monand qimathoi adadii yakkhela dorand. Kombinatsiyahoi beandozae, ki az parametrhoi asosii hodisai muoinashavanda tartib doda meshavand, meyorhoi shabohat nom dorand. Har guna kombinatsiyai az meyorhoi shabohat tartibdodashuda meyorhoi monandii hodisoti fizikii muoinashavanda niz meboshad.

Parametrhoi fizikii avdozanoke, ki ba meyori shabohat mansuband, baroi sistemahoi monand qimathoi gunogun doshta metavonand; faqat meyorhoi beandozai shabohat boyad yakkhela boshand. Mahz hamin khosiyati sistemahoi monand asosi modelsozii fiziki meboshad

Ad.: Sedov L. I., Metodi podobiya i razmernosti v mekhanike. M.. 1972.