UVERTYuRA (az fransavi ouvwrture — kushodan), pesai orkestri, sarakhbori opera, balet, drama, kinofilm va gayra, asari konsertii mustaqili orkestriest dar shakli sonata. Uvertyura shunavandagonro ba ogozi namoish (mazmuni asosii asar) tayyor mekunad. Dar Uvertyura ziddiyathoi dramavi, obrazhoi muhim yo khususiyathoi umumii asar mukhtasar ifoda meyobad. Muqaddimai operai K Monteverdi «Orfey» …

UEZDI TOJIKONI TOShQURGON mahalli tojiknishinest dar rayoni avtonomii Sinzyanu Uygur (Khutan)-i Resspublikai Khalqii Khitoy. Dar in uezd taqriban 20 hazor nafar tojikon (1981) dar hamsoyagi bo uygurho, qazoqho, qirgizho va digaron zindagi mekunand. Tojikoni Toshqurgon dar asrhoi miyona ba hayati davlathoi mustaqilu mukhtalifi in sarzamin dokhil meshudand. Davlati Koshgar (poytakhtash …

UVOLOGIYa (az lotini uva — angur va …logiya)} ilmest oid ba sokhti khusha va gujbi angur.

UJGOROD, shahr, markazi vil. Zakarpatiyai RSSU. Dar sohili daryoi Uj voqe ast. Stansiyai rohi ohan. Aholiash 105 hazor nafar (1984). Korkhonahoi sanoati sabuk, chubkori, moshinsozi, khurokvori, zavodhoi masnuoti ohanu betoni, khimiyai ruzgor va GRES dorad. Universitet, 2 teatr mavjud ast. Muvofiqi malumoti arkheologi Ujgorod dar asrhoi 8—9 bunyod yoftaast. YOdgorihoi …

UGANDA, Respublikan Uganda (Republis of Uganda), davlatest dar Afrikai Sharqi. Ba ittihodi Britaniya dokhil ast. Masohatash 236 hazor km2. Aholiash 14,6 mln nafar (1984); asosan khalqhoi bantu. Aholii shahri 7%. Zaboni rasmi anglisi va suakhili. Qarib az panj se hissai aholi ba dinu oinhoi mahalli etiqod dorad, boqimonda nasroniho va …

UZVHOI NUTQ, dastgohi nutq, majmui uzvhoi odamiro guyand, ki gayr az vazifai asosii fiziologii khud baroi sokhtani ovozhoi nutq niz khidmat mekunand. Uzvhoi nutq      du guruhand: uzvhoe, ki dar ovozsozy ishtiroki bevosita nadorand, vale ba on musoidat mekunand va uzvhoe, ki dar ovozsozi bevosita ishtirok dorand. Uzvhoi guruhi avval inhoyand: …

ULUGZODA Sotim (tavallud 1. 9. 1911, dehai Varziki rayoni Chusti viloyati Namangovi RSS Uzbakiston), navisandai sovetii tojik, azokorrspondenti Akademiyai Fanhoi RSS Tojikiston. (1951). Az oilai dehqoni kambagal. Malumoti ibtidoi va miyonaro dar internati Chust girifta, soli 1929 Dorulmuallimini tojikii Toshkandro khatm kard. Chande on jo az adabiyot dars guft. Soli …

UGIYa, vohidi puli Mavritaniya. 1 U.= 5 khumsam.

UGRO, yak nav taomi tojikist, ki az khamiri ordi gandum khamirosh tayyor mekunand. Khamirro ba gafsii 4—1,5 mm boz karda, borik-borik meburand va molishdoda (dasta doshta) mepazand. Bad ugroro ba obi jush andokhta to pukhtani khamir mejushonand. Ba ugro jurgot andokhta, ba kosaho mekashand va ba ruyash kabudi meposhand. Chand …

UD sozi qadimii musiqist, ki bo mizrob menavozand. Ud kosai kaloni murudshakl va dastai kutoh dorad. Dar makhazhoi qadimi ud to asri 10 hamchun asbobi chortorai mamuli musiqii Sharq tafsir shudaast. Abunasri Forobi bo maqsadi meyori ovozii udro takmil dodan ba vay tori panjum (hodd) ilova kardaast. Torho nomi arabii …