Таджикистан – Энциклопедия на таджикском языке КИТОБАМ

ShAKL, dar matematika, bisyoruzvai yakchand tagyiryobandaro guyand, ki darajai uzvhoi on yakkhelaand (darajai yakuzvai (vormul) -ro menomand). Nazariyai Shakl dar geometriyai algebravi, nazariyai adadho, geometriyai differeisiali, mekhanika va dig. sohahoi matematika istifoda meshavad. Shaklro vobasta ba adadi tagyiryobandaho binary (t = = 2), ternari (gp — 3) va g., vobasta …

ShAMShERBOZI, navi sportro guyand, ki muvofiqi qoidahoi makhsusi rasmi bo yaroqi sardi sporti—rapira, shpaga va shamsher guzaronida meshavad. Dar on varzishgaron bo libosi makhsusi himoyakunanda, niqobhoi turin va dastpushakho baromad mekunand. Shamsherzi bo dar bayni khalqhoi Osiyoi Miyona az qadim malum ast. S. 1952 dar RSS Tojikiston federasiyai Shamsherbozi tashkil …

ShAKL VA MAZMUN, kategoriyahoi falsafiero guyand, ki dar yagonagii dialektiki vujud doshta, mazmun tamomi unsurhoi tarkibi va jihati asosii in yagonagiro faro megirad, shakl boshad, tarzi faroham omadani mazmun va aloqamandii nisbatan ustuvoru zarurii unsurhoi tarkibii onro ifoda mekunad. In kategoriyahoro avvalin shuda namoyandagoni falsafai atiqai Yunon tadqiq namuda budand. …

ShAMShERGIYOH (Cladium maris-cus), giyohi bisyorsolaest az oilai reshaiho. Dar bekhash chim hosil meshavad. Reshapoyaash mustahkam, sernavda. Poyaash serbarg, to 200 sm qad mekashad. Bargash durusht, borik (barash 5—15 mm), shamshershakl. Khushagulash sershumor, chatrshakl yo jorubakmonand. «Chormagzak»-ash bayzashakl, jilodor. Mohhoi iyun — iyul gulu meva mekunad. Asosan dar hamvoriho, sohili daryoho, …

ShAKLPARASTI, dar sohahoi gunoguni faoliyati inson afzaliyati shakl nisbat ba mazmunro guyand. Dar sanat on shakli «sirf»-ro yagona unsuri asosii ejodii badei medonad. Mayoli shaklparasti dar a. 19 mushohida meshud. Lekin on dar sanati burjuazii a. 20 dar jarayonhoi kubizm, dadaizm, pettrizm va g. zohir gardid. Estetikai marksisti-lenini va tanqidi …