Таджикистан – Энциклопедия на таджикском языке КИТОБАМ

ShINOVARI, yak nav sport. Mashguliyati Sh. imkon medihad, ki organizm obutob yobad, kori uzvhoi badan, khususan uzvhoi nafaskashi behtar gardad. S. 1896 Sh. ba programmai Bozihoi Olimpidokhil gardid. S. 1906 Federasiyai baynalkhalqii dustdoroni Sh.— FINA tasis yoft. Dar SSSR vokhurihoi avvalin az rui Sh. s. 1918 dar Moskva guzaronda shudand. …

ShIRINChA, yak nav bemorii pustro guyand, ki az tasiri angezandaho (bakteriya, doru, khurok va g.) dar kudakoni khurdsol paydo meshavad. Hangomi Sh. pust, luobparda, gadudhoi limfavi illat yofta, dar qismi muynoki cap, abru, ruy, hasba, obila va g. zohir meshavad. Alomathoi avvalini Sh. dar davrai navzodi paido shuda, dar 2—3-mohagi …

ShINShILLA (Chinchilla), yak nav jonvari mushmonandi khoyandaro guyand. Sh. dumkutoh (Ch. chinchilla) va dumdaroz (Ch. laniger) meshavad. Onho zohiran ba yakdigar monandand. Sh. dar kuhsori And, (2000—4000 m az s. b.), Peru, Chili, Boliviya va Argentina maskun ast. Sh.-ho odatan guruh-gurukhh dar nishebihoi khushki garbi kuh, surokhihkhoi shakh, dar lona …

ShIRINChAI PAKhTA, shirinchai poliz, yak nav hasharotest, ki ba pakhta zarar merasonad. Makhsusan shirinchai pakhta (Aphis gossypii, nig. rasm.) beshtar zarar meorad. Shirinchai modinai bebol (shirinchai narina vujud nadorad) bayzashakl (daroziash 1,5—2,1 mm) buda, zard yo sabz meshavad. Badi zimistonguzaroni shirai alafhoi begonaro memakad. Dar haror. qarib 12°S 20— 60-to …

ShILLER (Schiller) Ferdinand Kanning Skott (16. 8. 1864, nazdikii Altoni—6. 8. 1937, Los-Anjeles), faylasufi idealisti anglis, namoyandai pragmatizm. Sh. khudoro quvvai harakatdihandai inkishof medonad. U idealizmi pragmatikii khudro dar ruhi personalizm va volyuntarizm sharh dodaast. Dar doirahoi ijtimoiyu siyosi Sh. mavqei ziddikommunisti ishgol namuda, ba fashizm husni tavajjuh zohir namudaast.