Таджикистан – Энциклопедия на таджикском языке КИТОБАМ

Najod asl, nasab, guruhi odamoni tarikhan dar mahalli muayyan tashakkulyoftaro guyand, ki dar yak vaqt paydo shudaand. Yagonagii paydoishi onho bo alomathoi mushtaraki morfologiyu fiziologa ifoda gardida, ba andozae dar hududi muayyan tagyir meyoband. Guruhhoi asosii Najod Insoniyati hozira az rui Najod ba se guruhi asosi judo meshavad: evropoi, zangi …

Nazariyai burjuaziest, ki goyan tadri- jan barham khurdani tafovuthoi iqtisodi, siyosiyu ideologii bayni ka­pitalizmu sotsializm va dar okhir yakshavii onhoro targib  mekunad. Solhoi 50 dar natijai inqilobi ilmiyu tekhniki va inkishofi jamiyatikunonii istehsoloti kapitalisti ba vujud omadaast. Golbreyt, U. Rostou (ShMA), Ya. Tinbergen (Niderland) va digaron namoyandagoni asosii Nazariyai konvergensiya …

Najod dar biologiya, yak guruh organizmhoro guyand, ki dar do­khili namud yo ernamud az rui khususiyathoi ekologi yo bazan geografi az ham judo shudaand. Fardhoe, ki ba Najod mansuband, khususiyathoi mor­fologiyu fiziologi va ekologii ba ham monand dorand. Dar ikhtiologiya bo istilohi «Najod» guruhi mohihoi yak mahalro ifoda mekunand. Istilohi …

Nazariyai kosmologiest, ki dar on marhalahoi avvalini inkishofi Koinoti tom tabiri fiziki yoftaand. Olimi belgiyagi Jorj Lemetr natijai mushohidahoi astronomii Edvin Habblro tahlilu tarkibi fi­ziki karda ba khulosa omad, ki Koinot dar guzashtai dur dar yak pola­ti favqulodda zich budu bo mururi zamon ba juvbish omada, sakht tarkid va dar …

Najodi evroosiyoi, yake az kalontarin najodhoi inson. Dar Evropa, Afrikai Shimoli, Osiyoi Pesh va Miyona, Hindustoni Shimoli, Sibiri Janubi pahn gardidaast. Ba odamoni in najod pusti safed yo gandumgun, muysari muloimi rost yo jingila, sermuii badan va uzvhoi tanosul, binii boriki barjasta, laboni nozuk, ortognatiem khos ast. Rangi chashmu muysari …