Jugrofia

Respublikai Malta – davlat dar galajazirai Malta, dar qismi markazii bahri Miyonazamin. Masohatash— 316 km². Aholiash 430 hazor nafar (2017). Poytakhtash shahri Valletta. Malta— respublika (az dekabri 1974). Sardori davlat — prezident. Organi qonunguzor — Palatai namoyandagon. Hokimiyati ijroiya hukumat buda, ba parlament hisobot medihad. Tabiat. Sohilhoi janub va janubu …

LOZUQIYa (ba zaboni russi Latakiya) – shahrest dar shimolu garbii kishvari Suriya, dar sohili bahri Miyonazamin voqe ast. Markazi mamurii viloyati Lozuqiya meboshad. Koordinathoi shahri Lozuqiya dar kharitai jahoni: 35°31′25″ shimoli va 35°47′30″ sharqi. Aholii Lozuqiya ba avvali soli 2017 iborat az 570 hazor nafar buda tuli 50 soli okhir …

LOJVARDDARA – koni lojvard dar nohiyai Shugnoni Viloyati Mukhtori Kuhistoni Badakhshon meboshad, ki dar nishebii sharqii qatorakuhi Ishkoshim, dar sargahi havz qaror dorand. Bodomdara— shokhobi chapi Shokhdara voqe ast. Maydoni kon dar balandii 4570—4700 metr joygir buda, asosan az marmarhoi dolomitdori sinnashon tokembrii tarkib yoftaast. Lojvarddara, ki bo rohi metasomatoz hosil …

DARYOI LUARA (Loire), daroztarin daryoi Faronsa. Tulash 1012 kilometr va masohati havzaash 115 hazor km2. Az kuhhoi Sevenna cap shuda, ba khaliji Biskai uqyonusi Atlantik merezad. Shokhobhoi asosiash: Sher, Venna, Sarta bo Luara. Manbai daryoi Luara az boronu barf iborat ast. Davrai purobiash fevral va mart, kamobiash avgust va sentyabr …

LIMA (Lima), shahrest ki poytakhti Peru, markazi iqtisodi, siyosi va madanii mamlakat. Dar hamvorii domanakuhhoi And, dar sohili uqyonusi Orom voqe gashtaast. Iqlimash tropikii biyoboni. Haroratash miyonai mohi khunuktarini in jo (avgust) +16° S, garmtarin (fevral) +23° S. Borishoti solona 40 mm. Uzeli kaloni rohi ohan va avtomobilgard, aeroportash doroi …

LOZANNA (Lausanne) – in shahrest dar Shveysariya, dar sohili kuli Jeneva. Aholiash 340 hazor nafar (2017 sol). Uzeli rohi ohan, ki ahamiyati transevropoi dorad. Dar Lozanna korkhonahoi sanoati metallurgi, moshinsozi, poligrafi va tamoku mavjudand. Universitet, maktabi olii tekhniki dorad. Lozanna markazi turizmi baynalkhalqist. YOdgorihoi memornash: dayri Notr-Dam (1475 sol), kalisoi …

MAVLONJAR yo khud “Mavlonjari poyon” – dehaest dar jamoati Navobodi nohiyai Hisori Jumhurii Tojikiston, ki peshtar dar kolokhozi «Leninizm» mutaaliq bud. Az Mavlonjar to markazi nohiya va stansiyai rohi ohan «Khonakoh» 9 kilometri rohi asfaltpush ast. Aholii Mavlonjar ziyoda az 2000 nafar buda asosan tojikon meboshand. Maktabi 8 – sola va …

LIBREVIL (Libreville), poytakhti Jumhurii Gabon. Bandarest dar sohili khaliji Gvineya dar uqyonksi Atlantik. Markazi siyosi, madani va sanoatii mamlakat. Aholii shahri Librevil 715 hazor nafar (2017 sol). Furudgohash (aeroport) doroi ahamiyati baynalkhalqist. Iqlim ekvatori. Harorati miyonai iyul 24° S, aprel 27° S. Borishoti solona 2648 mm. Ba vositai bandari Libreyvil ba khorija …

LIBERIYa (Liberia) – Respublikai Liberiya (Republic of Liberia), davlatest dar Afrikai Garbi. Dar Shimoli Garbi bo Serra-Leone, dar Shimol va Shimolu Sharki bo Respublikai Gvineya, dar Sharq bo respublikai Sohili Oj hamsarhad ast. Onro dar Garb va Janubi uqyonusi Atlantik ihota kardaast. Masohatash 111,4 hazor kilometri murabba. Aholiash 4,7 mln. …

MANFIAT – az zaboni arabi girifta shuda manoi «foida» yo  «sudi ijtimoi», dorad va beshtar ba sohoi iqtisodiyu ijtimoi mutaaliq ast. Ba zaboni russi Manfiatro asosan hamchun «Interes» yo «Blago» tarjuma meshavad. Manfiat kategoriyai ijtimoi, ki sabab va tarzi munosibati intikhobii subektro nisbat ba obekt, jarayoni maqsad, diqqatu khohish va …