Tajribai «POMIR»

«POMIR» nomi tajribaest, ki zimni on tasiri mutaqobili zarrahoi kayhonii energiyaashon az had kalon (besh az 10¹⁴ eV) va yadrohoi atomii atmosferam Zamni ba vositai kamerahoi rentgenii emulsioni omukhta meshavad. Tajriba soli 1971 cap shuda, dar on muassisahoi ilmii tadqiqotii SSSR (az jumla Insti­tut fizika va tekhnikai AF RSS Tojikiston) ba nomi S. U. Umarov va khorija (Polsha) shirkat mevarzand. Zarrai kayhonii avvala hangomi bo in yo on «yadroi atomii atmosfe­rai Zamin barkhurdan yak qismi ener­giyai khudro sarf karda, chand zarrai sonavi ba vujud meovarad. Agar energiyai zarrai kayhonii avvala badi chunin tasirot, ki baroi tavlidi zarrahoi sonavii energiyaashon beshtar az energiyai ostonii qaydi zarrahoi tarmagi kofi boshad, vay to lahzai ba asbobi sanjish (masalan, kamerai rentgenii emulsioni — KRE) rasidan boz chand zarrai sonavi tavlid karda metavonad.

Zarrahoi ibtidoii energiyaashon az had kalon dar tarkibi nurhoi kayhoni khele kamand (andaryak 0,88 zarrai energiyaash besh az 10¹⁶ eV dar 1 sol • m² steradian). Baroi andukhtani malumoti kofii statis­tiki kamerahoi qaydkunandai masohatashon .—-1000 m²-ro nisbat ba sathi bahr haddalimkon baland joy doda onhoro kamash 1—2 sol muttasil ba kor andokhtan lovim meoyad. KRE-i tajribai «Pomir» dar Oqarkhar nom mahali VABK 80 km durtar az Murgob, dar balandihoi 4370 m (599 g/sm²) va 4870 m 566 g/sm²) joy doda shudaand. u-kvantho, elektrondo va poeitrondo ba KRE zada, tarmai elektroni — foton i (TEF) ba vug jud meovaraid. Zarraqoi tarki- bi TEF-ro varaqaho (pavordo)-i rentgeniyu emulsioni ba qayd megi- rand

Odditarin navi KRE sistemam qabathoi surbist, ki az yakdigar bo varaqahoi rentgeniyu emulsioni chu­do meboshapd. Plyonkai rentgeni asetilsellyulozaest, ki 200 mkm gafsi dorad va az dar du taraf bo emulsiyai gafsiash 48 mikroni (miqdori nisbatan ziyodi bromidi nuqra) pushida shudaast. In imkon medihad, ki kunjhoi aftishi zarraho (kunjhoi zeniti va azimuti) bo osoni chen karda shavad.          F. Normurodov.