TEKhNOLOGIYa

TEKhNOLOGIYa (az yunoni techne — sanat, mahorat va …logiya), majmui tarzu usulhoi takmil, tayyor kardan va digargun namudani shaklu holat va khosiyati ashyoi khom, material yo moli nimkhomro guyand, ki dar jarayoni istehsoli mahsuloti taiyor istifoda meshavand; ilmest, ki hamin usulhoro tadqiqu tahlil mekunad. Amaliyoti istehsol, takmil, kashonidan va nigohdorii mahsulotro Tekhnologiya (yo proseoshoi tekhnologi) menomand, ki tarkibi asosii prosesshoi istehsoli meboshand. Tekhnologiyai muosir nazorati tekhnikii istehsolotro niz dar bar megirad. Vobasta ba sohahoi istehsolot Tekhnologiyai madankani, Tekhnologiyai moshinsozi, Tekhnologiyai sokhtmon va az rui usulhoi istehsol yo tahvili materialho Tekhnologiyai metallho, Tekhnologiyai myuddahoi nakhdor, Tekhnologiyai bofandagi va gayra mavjudand. Dar natijai ijroi jarayoni tekhnologi obekti mehnat sifatan tagyir meyobad.

Az rui chunin nishondihandaho: sarfi khosi ashyoi khom moli nimkhom, energiya ba har yak vohidi mahsulot; miqdor va sifati mahsuloti tayyor; darajai hosilnokii mehnat; potensiviyati prosess; kharochoti elektroliz va gayra) namudhoi gunoguni istehsolot; arzishi aslii mahsulot samaranokii tekhnikiyu iqtisodii prosesshoi tekhnologiro muayyan mekunand.
Vazifai Tekhnologiya hamchun ilm az muayyan kardani qonuniyathoi fiziki, khimiyavi, mekhaniki va gayra iborat meboshad. In korho bo maqsadi muqarrar kardan va istifodai amalii prosesshoi istehsolii pursamar va kamkharj guzaronida meshavand. Tekhnologiyai istehsolot dar natijai inkishofi tekhnika doimo tagyir va takmil meyobad.
Takmili Tekhnologiyai tamomi sohaho va namudhoi istehsolot sharti muhimi inkishofi progressi tekhnnologi dar khojagii khalq meboshad. Dar sohahoi sanoati istehsoli masnuot dar SSSR, makhsusan dar moshinsozi va asbobsozi az soli 1975 sistemai yagonai tayorii tekhnologii istehsolot (ESTPP) jori shudaast. Tadbiqi ESTPP dar barobari baland bardoshtani hosilnokii mehnat va behtar kardani sifati mahsulot, muhlati tayor namudani istehsolotro 2-2,5 marotiba kam mekunad.