TARMA

TARMA, barfi solgasht yo dar muddati zimiston dar qulla va nishebii kuhkho jamshudaro guyand. Bo yagon sababi tabii yo suni kanda shuda bo shiddat ba poyon faromadani barfi zamshudaro tarmafaroi yo kandashavii Tarma meguyand. Boridani barfi bisyor, pastu baland shudani harorati havo, tagyiri tarkibi mekhanikii barf, zaminjunbi, sadoi baland va gayra boisi tarmafuroi megardand. Bazan khajmi barfi kuchida ba 1,5— 2 mln m3 va gafsiash to ba 60 m merasad. Surati furomadani Tarma bahisobi miyona 20—30 m/son ast. Quvvai zarbi on dar 1 m2 ba 60—100 t merasad.

Tarma quvvai buzurgi kharobiovar dorad. Bazan ba beshahoi kuhi, dehaho, rohhoi naqliyot, inshoothoi sanoati, komplekshoi sporti zarari kalon merasonad. Baroi peshgiri kardani khavfi Tarma mutakhassison odamonro peshaki az kuchidani Tarma ogoh mekunand, ba vositai tarkish va tirparroni Tarmaro poyon mefurorand, inchunin yak qator korhoi injeneriro (az qabili darakhtzor kardani nishebiho, sokhtani novayu ayvonhoi tarmaguzar va gayra) anjom medihand. Tarmafaroi makhsusan dar kuhhoi Alp, Kordilera, Kavkae, Osiyoi Miyona beshtar ruy medihad. Dar Tojikiston in guna hodisaho dar qatorkuhhoi Qurama, Zarafshon, Hisoru Oloy va kuhhoi Pomiri Garbi ba amal meoyand.
N. Dilmurodov.