Shahri PNOMPEN

PNOMPEN, poytakhti Kampuchiya. Dar nazdikii andarobi daryohoi Tonlesap va Mekong voqe gashtaast. Iqlimash subekvatori, mussoni. Harorati miyonai yanvari 24,6°S, iyul 27,5°S; borishoti solona 1475 mm. Aholiash 500 hazor nafar (1984).

Pnompen— bandari daryoi, uzeli rohhoi avtomobilgard; rohi ohan Pnompenro bo bandarhoi Kampongsaom (Sianukvil), sohili khaliji Siami uqyonusi Hind va Bangkok (Tailand) mepayvandad. Aeroportash (Pochentong) ahamiyati baynalkhalqi dorad. Pnompen — shahri kalon tarin, markazi siyosi, iqtisodi va madanii mamlakat. To soli 1975 dar Pnompen korkhonahoi avtomobilsozi, tamiri kishtiyu avtomobil, sanoati khurokvori (sholitozakuni, istehsoli ravgani nakhl va gayra), chubgari, sobunpazi, tamoku, bofandagi, inchunin bankho, tashkilothoi tijoratiyu sanoati va gayra mavjud budand. Shahr 5 universitet, instituti olii tekhniki (onro SSSR sokhta, ba khalqi Kampuchiya tuhfa kardaast), instituti buddoiya va digar muassisahoi ilmi, kitobkhonaho, muzeyho, teatri milli dorad.

Pnompen taqriban soli 1371 bunyod yoftaast. Az soli 1886— poytakhti protektorati Kamboja va az soli 1953— poytakhti Kambojai mustaqil. Dar davrad hukmronii Pol Pot (apreli 1975— yanvari 1979) Pnompen ahamiyati iqtisodiyu madanii khudro gum kard. Dar in jo, chun dar digar shahrhoi mamlakat, qirkunii aholi sar shud. Asosan intelligensiya (muallimon, dukhturon va digaron shakhsoni sohibmalumot) kushta meshudand. Qismi digari aholi az shahr zuran ronda shud. Vaqte ki Pnompen az polpotchiyon ozod gardid, dar on hamagi 5 hazor nafar aholi monda bud. Az soli 1979 aa nav barqaror kardani shahr ogoz yoft. Ziyoda az 30 korkhonai sanoati, muassisahoi ilmy, bemorkhonaho ba kor daromadand (yanvaori 1980). Firoriyon boz ba Pnompen bargashtand.