SURUDI TARIKhI

SURUDI TARIKhI, yak nav asari folklorist, ki dar on az voqeayu shakhsoni tarikhi sukhan meravad. Dar on ham unsurhoi asarhoi epiki va ham unsurhoi nazmi liriki vujud dorand. Surudhoi tarikhii tojiki az bandhoi semisrai, chormisrai, panjmisrai, ruboiho, gazalho va gayra tarkib yoftaand. Namunai qadimtarini Surudhoi tarikhi surudest, ki sokinoni shahri Balkh ba munosibati maglubiyati sarlashkari arab Asad ibni Abdulloh dar Khatlonzamin (soli 737) guftaand. Chor misrai in surud to zamoni mo rasidaast:

Az Khuttalon omadiya,

Ba ru taboh omadiya,

Obor boz omadiya,

Khushk nizor omadiya.

Chand surudi tarikhie, ki muarrikhon va folklorshinosoni sovetii tojik jam ovardaand, az voqeoti tarikhii asri 19 va avvali asri 20 hikoyat mekunand. Masalan, dar surudi «Miri Boturkhoja» az vahshoniyati miri Mastchoh (nimai avvali asri 19) sukhan meravad. Shurishhoi mardumi Kulobu Qarotegin dar surudhoi tarikhii «Shurishi Vose», «Shurishi Qalandar», «Shurishi Usmon» («Nolai Usmon», «Usmon — jonume») tasvir shudaast. Khalq inchunin surudhoe ofarid, ki dar onho Revolyutsiyai Oktyabr, Hokimiyati Soveti, askaroni surkh, muboriza ba muqobili bosmachiyon va gayra vasf meshavad («Hukumati Shuro», «Askari Surkh», «Hujum bar ziddi bosmachiyon dar soli 1923», «Ochilponsadi badkor», «Fuzayli bosmachi», «Ozod kardani Zahmatobod» va gayra). Dar surudhoi davrai Jangi Buzurgi Vatani (1941—45) qahramonii mardum dar aqibgohi jang vasf shudaast.

V. Shermuhammadov.