ShURA

ShURA, shurak, shuralaf, shurgiyoh (Chenopodium), yak jinsi giyohhoi yak yo dusola, baze nimbuttavu butta va darakhtest az oilai shuraiho. Bargash dumchador, gulash mayda, mevaash yaktukhma. Dar dunyo taqr. 250 namudi Sh. meruyad; aksari onho alafhoi begona hisob meshavand. Dar Tojikiston 15 namudi Sh. (az hamvorihoi domanakuh to haddi boloii mintaqai subalpi) mesabzad. Aksari onho chun rastanihoi khuroki chorvo, rangu bori va dorui ahamiyat dorand. Bargu navdahoi navrasi taru tozai bazei onhoro ba khurok meandozand. Safedshura (S. album) chun alafi begona khele farovon buda, khuroki khubi chorvost. Buginakshura (S. batrys, nig. rasm) dar hama jo vomekhurad; onro shutur nagz mekhurad va dar tibbi khalqi baroi muolijai dardi gulu, qabziyati nafas, tashannuji mushak va g. istifoda mebarand. Bo buginakshura kuyaro nest mekunand. Reshaash 0,03—0,04% ravgani efir, bargash vitamini B va karotin, mevaash, 0,15% alkaloid dorad. Sh.-i surkhak (Ch. folioaum) dar respublika (to balandkuhi Pomiri Sharqi meruyad) khele farovon ast. Onro ba khurok meandozand.

Zahrshupa (Ch. hubridum) dar Tojikiston kamyob va khele zahrnok ast. Gushro vaznin mekunad, tarkibi khunro tagyir medihad va ba pardahoi luobii dahonu surkhruda zarar msrasonad. Dar hama uzvhoi on alkoloid (leusin,  trimetilglikol, betain) va ravgani efir hast. Baze navi Sh. (Ch. purpurascens) -ro chun gul meparvarand.

Ad.: Flora Tadjikskoy SSR. t. 3. L., 1968; Sadikop Yu. D., Khodjimatov M.. Komarov Yu. I.. Alkaloidi plodov Chcnopodlum bolrys L., «Rastitelnie resursi», t. 14. v. 2. 1978.

S. Yunusov.