SIR

SIR, emal (az fransavi email — gudokhtan), 1) ruykashi shishamonandi mustahkamest, ki bo on rui masolehi metalliro mepushonand. Tarkibi qarib hamai Sirho az SiO₂,  oksidhoi metallhoi ishqoriyu ishqorzamini, surb, ruh, baze ftoridho va gayra iborat ast. Baroi tayër kardani Sir omekhtai shpati dashti, reg ë kvars, shpati gudozi (flyuorit), tanakor, kislotai borat, soda, selitra, kriolit va gayraro dar harorati 1150— 1550°S dar khumdonho gudokhta, baroi dona-dona shudan ba ob merezand. Donahoi hosilshudaro bo obu khok va materialhoi dig. yakjoya mayda karda, suspenziyai ustuvor hosil mekunand. Bad onro ba rui masolehi metalli (masalan, chuyanu pulod) molida mekhushkonand va dar harorati 500—1400 ⁰S (vobasta ba metalle, ki bo on Sir medavonand) mepanand.

Siri oroishi (finift) baroi oro dodani predmetho, sokhtani surathoi nozuk va gayra istifoda meshavad. Khelhoi gunoguni Sirhoi oroishi malumand. Paydoishn onho tarikhi duru daroze dorad. Qadimtarin Sire, ki to davrai mo rasidaast, oroishoti tillogini Misri Qadim meboshad. Minbad sanati tayyor kardani Sir dar digar mamlakatho niz taraqqi kard. Dar hududi SSSR dar khudi asrhoi 3—5 Sirro tayër mekardand. Sirhoi az hama mashhur Sirhoi vizanti, gurji, rusi, yaponi, fransavi va gayra meboshand. 2) Khosidai hujayrahoi epitelialiest (Siri dandon), ki rui dandonro mepushad. Smri dandon dandonro az khurda shudan va oseb didan muhofizat mekunad.