ShAHRISTON

ShAHRISTON, dar asrhoi miyona az chor yak qismi shahrhoi Osiyoi Miyona, ki bo devorhoi muhofizavi, ihota karda meshud. Dar Shahriston ba juz shoh (vay dar kuhandiz zindagi menamud) digar hamai tabaqahoi jamiyati mezistand. Shahriston hamchun qismi asosii shahr dar Bokhtar, Sugd va Marv dar hazorai 3 to m. bunyod shudaast. Dar zamonhoi qadim dar hududi Shahriston bo bogdoriyu ziroatkori niz mashgul meshudand. Shahriston az mahallaho iborat bud, ki har yaki onho binohoi mamuri, jamiyati, ibodatkhona va bozorchahoi timdor doshtand. Markazi umumi va joi jamiyatii Shahrisabz registon dar sari Chorsu bud. Dar in qismathoi Shahrisabz vazorat, qabiriston va ibodatgohhoi kaloi joygirifta, shahriyon jashnu marosimhoi kalon meguzaronidand. Makhazhoi a-hoi 9—10 shahodat medihand, ki Samarqand Shahrisabzi dokhili va beruni dosht. Shahrisabzi dokhili hamchun qismi kadimtarini shahr bo devoru darvozai alohida judo meshud. Shahrisabzi beruni dar avv. asrhoi miyona bunyod shuda, dar ahdi Somoniyon ru ba taraqqi nihod. Yak zamonho onro shahri beruna yo rabot mehisobidand, zero vay berun az devori mudofiavii Shahrisabz bunyod gardida bud. Badi dar atrofash devorhoi muhofizavi va darvozaho sokhtan onro Shahrisabzi beruni menomidagi shudand. Aksariyati shahrhoi Osiyoi Miyona dar asrhoi miyona Shahrisabzhoi dokhili, beruni va navin doshtand. Shahrisabho obodu khushmanzar buda, havz, sardeba, chorbor, bustonu chamanzorho doshtand. Kuchai Shahrisabzhoi kalon sangfarsh buda, dar a-hoi 10—11 bo khishti pukhta pushida meshud. Dar Samarqand baroi piyodagardon rohi zerizamini sokhta budand. Aksari binohoi Shahrisabz du-seoshyona, peshayvondor, gunbazdor (bazeashon nimgunbazi), yak qismi in imoratho ravobandi shuda budand.

Ad.: Beleinskiy A. M. [va dig.]. Srednevekoviy gorod Sredney Azii, L., 1973.    Yu. YOqubov.