REVOJ

REVOJ, revand, ribos, rebos, revos, chukri, chukuri (Neit), yak khel rastanii kuhiro guyand, ki poyaash hamchun sabzavoti khurdanbob dar bayni mardumi tojik mamul ast; bino ba tasnifoti botanika jinsi giyohhoi bisyorsolaest aa oilai toroniho. Poyaash rost, to 2 metr qad mekashad. Bargash kalon, dumchadaroz, odatan yaklukht yo 5-7 para  dar bekhi poya mesabzad. Khushagulash tugshakl yo khushamonand, gulash dujinsa, mevaash chormagzaki seqirrai qanotakdor. Dar dunyo qarib 30 (az rui malumoti digar 40—49) namudi Revoj malum ast. Beshtar dar mintaqai mutadili Osiyo meruyad. Muvofiqi «Florai Respublikai Sovetii Sotsialistii Tojikiston» (jildi 3, Leningrad, 1968; rusi) dar hududi Pomiru Oloy 10 namudi Revoj (dar nishebihoi regu sanglokh, alafu pakhtazor, pistavu bodomzor, teplahoi zardkhok, mahalhoi sershakh va gayra (az 300 to 3900 metr az sathi bahr) mesabzad. Se namudi Revoj khosi Pomiru Oloy meboshad. Revoj vobasta ba namud va muhiti rushd mart —avgust gul karda, tukhmash aprel— sentyabr me-pazad.

Revojro dar Misr va Yunoni Qadim chun sabzavot istemol mekardand va az khususiyathoi doruii on khabar doshtand. Disquridus (Dioskorid) davoii bekhi Revojro tarif kardaast. Dar tibbi khalqii tibeti R. (N. ip-ai1a(it) davoi illati medavu ruda hisob meshud. Aburayhoni Beruni doruii Revoji «chini» (N. oShssha-Nz)-ro zikr kardaast. Abualii Sino Revojro baroi muolijai ziqqi nafas, zafi jigar, dardi meda, khala, ishol, zusantoriyo (isholi khunin), illati gurdavu peshobdon va gayra ba kor meburd. Az Revoj marhame tayyor karda ba omos, qubo (lishay), dogi kunjidak va ba joi latkhurda mebast. Buali Revojro pozahri neshi hasharot mehisobid. Yusufi Muhammad dar «Jome-ul-favoid» (s. 1500), ki bo nomi «Tibbi Yusufi» maruf asg, tukhmi Revojro davoi khorishaku ishol khondaast

Tukhmi revojro kuni chun mayl,

Ranji isholro buvad darmon,

V-ar bimoli ba ravgani kunjid

Jarabu hikkaro mujarrab don.

Nazar ba malumoti «Makhzai-ul-adviya»-i Muhammad Husayn (asri 18) Revoj khususiyati qabziyatu farahovar doshta, kori uzvhoi hozimaro oson mekunad. Khafaqon, vasvos va bavosirro raf mesozad. Istemoli Revoj baromadi dummalro peshgiri mevanoyad. Reshapoyai Revoj (N. oshsshaIa) chun doru dar dorunomai 20 mamlakati dunyo qayd shudaast. Dar Soyuz Sovetskikh Sosialisticheskikh Ruspublik SSSR niz’ yak namudi Revojro chun giyohi dorui parvarish mekunand. Dar tibbi muosir khoka (0,1—0,3 g), sharbat va qiyomi spirtii reshai Revojro chun omili mushil (isholovar), muqavvii kori ruda va tizron (bodi shikam) istifoda mebarand. Baze namudhoi Revojro chun sabzavot va rastanii dabbogi mekorand. Dumchai taru tozai bargi Revoji khudruy va ham kishtaro istemol menamoyand. Az on kompot, murabbo, may va kisel tayyor mekunand. Dumchai bargi Revoji khudtamini S, 10— yugi, to 2,5% qand, qarib 3,5% kislotahoi organiki (asosan javhari limuyu seb, oksalat va gayra) va namakhoi K, Sa, R. My dorad. Reshai Revojro baroi osh dodani pust va rang kardani mato istifoda mebarand. Avvali bahor bargi Revojro chorvo (shutur, buzu gusfand) mekhurad; bargash 244—600, 5 mg% vitamini S, 20—21,5% protein, 3% ravgan, 50,5% moddahoi qiyomii benitrogev va 3 —7% moddahoi dabbogi dorad.

Adabiyot: Sklyarevskiy L. Ya., Selebnie svoystva pishevikh rasteniy, Moskva, 1072; Aburaykhan Beruni, Izbrannoe sochinenie, tom 4, Farmakognoziya v medisine (Kitab as-saydana fi-t-tibb), Tashkent, 1974; Mukhanova Yu. I., Trebukhin a K. A., T u l e n k o v a A. G., Zelenie i pryanie ovoshnie kulturi, Moskva, 1977; V e kh o v V. N., G u b a n o v I. A., Lebedova G. F., Kulturnie rasteniya Soyuz Sovetskikh Sosialisticheskikh Ruspublik SSSR, Moskva. 1978. M. Hojimatov.