RABLE Fransua

RABLE (Rabelais) Fransua (1494, nazdikii Shinon —9. 4. 1553, Pa­rij), navisandai fransavi. Az oilai huquqshinos. Dar javoni rohib buda, sipas dar univepsitethoi Fransiya tahsil karda, ilmhoi gunogunro omukhtaast. Doktori ilmhoi tib (1537). Dar ibtidoi faoliyati ejodiash (1532) «Aforizmzo»-i Buqrotro bo tavzehot ba nashr tayyor kardaast. Sipas ba ejodi asari muhimi khud «Gargantyua va Pantagryu­el» (iborat az 5 qism) pardokhta, to okhiri umrash talifi onro idoma medod. Chor jildi avvali asar solhoi 1533—1552 nashr shudaast. Rable, ki az ilmhoi huquq, tib, filologiya, pedagogika va arkheologiyai zamonash vuqufi komil dosht, asari ensiklopedie ofaridaast, ki tamomi hayoti madanii davrai Ehyoi Fransiyaro darbar megirad. Dar roman akhloq, ilm, behuquqi va tanazzuli dunyoi farsudai feodali mazammat shudaast. Rable dunyoi kuhnaro zeri tanqid girifta, gumanizm, tahaddudi hayot, inson va imkoniyathoi beokhiri uro vasf kardaast; jamiyati khayolii ozodu peshqadamero tasvir namudaast. Rable va qahramononi u bar ziddi dunyobezori, baroi inkishofi hamajihatai shakhsiyati inson muboriza mebarand. Rable yake az ustodoni buzurgi mazhaka dar adabiyoti dunyost. Tasiri u ba ejodiyoti La­fonten, Moler, R. Rollan kalon ast. Os.: Gargantyuai Pantagryuel, M., 1966. Ad.:       Ba kh t i n i., Tvorchestvo F. Rable i narodnaya kultura Sredneve­kovya i Renessansa, M„ 1965.