PSILOFITHO

PSILOFITHO (Psilopbyta, az yunoni psilos —luch va phyton — rastani), riniofitho, yak nav rastanihoi darajai olii qadima, ki murda raftaand. Boqimonda va naqshi onhoro dar tahshini davrahoi silur va devon (Kanada, Shotlandiya, Britaniyai Kabir, Chekhoslovakiya va SSSR) paydo kardaand. Qadimtarini onho rastanihoi jinsi  k u k soniya (Cooksonia) ast, ki okhirhoi silur va avvalhoi devon (415 mln sol pesh) merundand Khususiyathoi asosii onho: shokhronni dikho­tomii poyaho, nabudani barg va resha, dar nugi shokhchaho joygir shu­dani sporangiyho, barobarsporagi, sokhti oddii anatomi va gayra. Aksari Psilofitho dar joyhoi sernam, botloqzor mesabzidand. Psilofithoi obi (teniokrada) niz budand. Psilofitho to 50 sm qad mekashidand. Omukhtani sokht va tahavvuli Psilofitho baroi tadqiqi filogeniya va morfologiyai tahavvuli rastanihoi darajai oli ahamiyati kalon dorad. Chunin mehisoband, ki dar natijai tahavvuli tarikhi az Psilofitho ushnashaklho, chilbandho va sarakhsshaklho paydo shudaand.

Ad.: T a kh t a d j ya n A. L., Voprosi evolyusionnoy morfologii rasteniy, L., 1954; Jizn rasteniy, t. 4, M.. 1978.

M. I. Ismoilov.