PROSESSI TOMAS, yake az usulhoi be sarfi suzishvori ba pulod tabdil dodani chuyani gudokhtaro guyand, ki soli 1878 metallurgi anglis S. J. Tomas ikhtiro kardaast. Prosessi Tomas avval dar Germaniya (1679) tatbiq yoft. Dar Rossiya Prosessi Tomas solhoi 80 asri 19 (dar zavodhoi Taganrog, Kerch, Mariupol) jori karda shud. Konverteri tomasi (nig. Konverter) az jihati sokht ba konverteri bessemeri monand buda, az on tanho bo hajm va rupushi darunii devorho (futerovka)-ash farq mekunad. Futerovkai asosii konverteri tomasi (az dolomiti sukhta) imkon medihad, ki ba on baroi dajgolonidan va dur kardani fosfor ba miqdori 12—15%-i massai chuyan ohak andokhta shavad. Soni az boloi on juyani gudokhtai haroratash 1180—1250°S merezand va konverterro tob doda, ba holati amudi (kori) meorand va az tagash havoi fishurdashuda yo bugi ob ham medihand. Dar natija Si, Mn va qisman S, Fe, C va P-i tarkibi chuyan oksid meshavad.
Ba konverteri tomasi chuyanhoe merezand; ki to 2% fosfor dorand va ba on to 0,04—0,05% nam shudani miqdori fosfor havo dam medihand. Hangomi Prosessi Tomas ba metall madan, oksidhoi gunogun va gayra hamroh karda, onro khunuk va koks, grafit, termoantratsit yo angishti chub ilova karda, onro serkarbonu kamoksigen mekunand. Dar Prosessi Tomas baromadi metalli koromad 85—99% va baromadi dajgole, ki chun purii fosfordor istifoda meshavad, 18— 20%-i massai metallro tashkil medihad. Hangomi 18—70 T budani gunjoshni konvertor havodamdihi 16—22 daq va tamomi prosessi gudozishi metall 25—40 daq davom mekunad. Pulodi tomasi baroi istehsoli prokati navi rels, sim, tupuka va gayra kor farmuda meshavad. Solhoi 70 asri 20 Prosessi Tomasro prosessi oksigeniyu konverteri qarib purra ivaz lamud. Dar SSSR konverteri tomasi istifoda nameshavad. Nig. niz Pulod, Chuyan.
T. Ahmadov.