Ozarbadi Mahraspandon

Ozarbadi  Mahraspandon, Oturpati Mahraspandon (juzi avvali in nom dar Avesto ba shakli «Aterepata», yane nigahboni otash omadaast. Juzi duvvumi on az «mantra»— sukhan va «spenta” — muqaddas tarkib yoftaast) (soli tavallud va vafot nomalum), mubadon mubad (nigared mubad), ruhonii buzurgi zardushtiyai zamoni Sosoniyon.

Zindagi va faoliyatash dar davrai Shopuri II ,(309—379) jarayon yofta­ast. Ozarbadi  Mahraspandon dar darbor pas az shoh shakhsi duyumi davlati bud. Az kushishotu taassubi ziyodash dar jarayoni zardushtiya va tang kardani guruhi odamoni gayridin bisyor manbahoi dinii masehi khabar medihand.

Dar borai Ozarbadi  Mahraspandon, ki dar zardushtiya shakhsiyati buzurge ba shumor meraft, dar asarhoi dinivu adabii pahlavi — «Bundahish», «Dinkard», «Zandi  Vohuman-yasna» («Baqmanyasht»), «Shoistu noshoist» qissavu rivoyathoi ziyode ovarda shudaand. Baze az in rivoyot ba tarikhhoi islomii arabi va forsii dari roh yoftaand.

Dar fasli 33 «Bundakhish» dar barobari ashkhosi buzurgi dini shajarai nasabi Ozarbadi  Mahraspandon omadaast, ki on pas az 22 pusht ba podshohi peshdodi Manuchehr merasad. Muvofiqi rivoyathoi dini zardushtii silsilai nasabi Zardusht pas az 14 pusht ba Manuchehr merasad. Bad-in vasila Ozarbadi  Mahraspandon  az nasli Zardusht ba shumor meravad. Ozarbadi  Mahraspandon dar tahriri Avesto pas az Tansar va mubadoni zamoni Sho­puri I ishtirok kardaast.

Dar zeri rohbarii u Avesto dar 21 «nask» — kitob tahrir gardid. Oid ba isboti sahehii matni tartibdodai Ozarbadi  Mahraspandon  afsonae niz mavjud ast, ki guyo vay az sanjishi sakht — ozmoish bo fuluzoti gudokhta guzashtaast. Ba sinai Ozarbadi  Mahraspandon  9 man misi gudokhta me- rezand, vale u osebe namebinad. In rivoyat dar manbahoi pahlavi, ki zikrash guzasht va inchunin dar «Mujmal-ut-tavorikh» sabt gardidaast.

Khidmati digari Ozarbadi  Mahraspandon talifi kitobi «Khurd-Avesto» meboshad. Ozarbadi  Mahraspandon bo nomi «Vachak-e chand-i Oturpat-i Mahraspandon» («Chande az guftori Ozarbadi Mahraspandon») andarznomae niz dorad, ki az pan­du hikmathoi amali faroham oma­daast, ki namunaash in ast: «Dar mavqei nomunosib naboyad khandid; khostai kheshro dar barobari mardumoni hasud naboyad arz kard; pesh az guftor boyad andeshid, ki sukhan naandeshida chun otash ast, ki kharobi ovarad; naboyad dushmani kuhnaro dusti nav pindosht, zero ki dushman chun mor ast, agar sad sol bigzarad, dushmaniro az yod nabarad, vale boyad dusti kuhanro dusti nav namud, ki dusti kuhan chun sharob ast, har qadar sol bar u bigzarad latiftar va guvorotar gardad».

Chande az avlodi Ozarbadi  Mahraspandon — pisarash Zardusht (muallifi «Papdnomai Zardusht») va naberaash Ozarbad va digar mubadoni davlati Sosoniyon buda, dar barobari umuri dini, dar korhoi siyosi va ilmivu farhangi shirkat varzidaand.

Adabiyot: Lukonin V. G., Kultura Sasanidskogo Irana, Moskva, 1969; R i p k a Ya n, Istoriya persidskoy i tadjikskoy literaturi, Moskva, 1970;