Olivin

Olivin (az lotini oliva — zaytun) p e r i dot, zabarjad, minerali asosi az guruhi Olivin. Tarkibi khimiyaviash (Mg, FejiSiOJ. 8—12%, bazan to 20% FeO va 45—50% MgO dorad. Sistemai kristallbandiash rombi. Dar shakli agregathoi donador va kristallhoi takhtachayu prizmamonand vomekhurad. Rangash bunafshi baland, sabzi zardtob, bazan berang. Sakhtiash 6,5—7; zichiash 3200—4400 kilogramm/mol³.

Dar tabiat hamchun minerali jinsofarin dar tarkibi jinshoi asosi va ultraasosi (dunit, peri­dotit, gabbroi olivindor, diabaz, bazalt va gayra) bisyor duchor meoyad. Az tasiri mahlulhoi  gidrotermali Olivin ba serpantin, bazan ba talq tabdil meyobad. Ba guruhi Olivin mineralhoi forsterit Mg2[Si0₄], faya­lit Fe2[Si0₄], t e f r o i t Mg2[Si0₄], knebelit (FeMn)₂[Si0₄], monti ch e l l i t CaMgrSiOJ dokhil meshavand. Navi shaffofi Olivin— zabarjad (khrizolit) sangi qimatbahost. Olivinro dar konhoi nikel, khrom va okhan daryoft kardan mumkin ast.