Namakhoi kaliy

Jinshoi kuhhi tahshinest, ki az mineralhoi kaliy va kaliyu magniydori dar ob nagz halshavanda iborat ast. Muhimtarin mineralhoyash s i l v i n (KS1; 52,44% K), karnallit (KS1 • MgCl, • 6H₂O; 35,8% K), kainit (KMg[SO₄]Cl • ZN₂O; 14,07% K), p o­ l i g a l i t (K₂MgCa₂[SO₄]₄ 2N₂0; 12,97% K), langbeynit (K₂Mg₂ [SO₄]₃; 18,84% K) va gayra. Jinshoi kuhii kaliydori muhim inhoand: jinsi karnallity (45—85% karnallit va 18—50% galit va kame silvin, angidrit, mineralhoi gili va karbonati dorad), s i l v i n i t  (95—98% silvin va galit va gayra), khartzalts yo namaki sakht (8—25% silvin, 18—30% kizerit, 40—60% galit, 0,5—2,0 mineralhoi karbona­ti va gayra). Namakhoi kaliy dar natijai bukhor va khunukshavii rapi (namakob)-i tolobhoi kaliydor hosil meshavand. Konhoi namaki kaliy dar davrahoi geologii iqlimashon garm va khushk paydo shudaand. Makhsusan sharoiti davrahoi devon, perm, neogen baroi gun shudani Namakhoi kaliy musoid bud. Namakhoi kaliy dar bayni tahnishasti kulhoi shuri hozira niz mavjudand.

Miqdori K₂O dar konhoi sanoatii Namakhoi kaliy 12—30% ast. Zakhirai umumii Namakhoi kaliy dar Ittifoqi Soveti 166,4 mlrd t (24 mlrd t ba hisobi K₂O)- ro tashkil medihad, ki qismi znuiyodi on dar Ural (Solikamsk, viloyati Perm), Qazoqistoni Garbi, Ukraina i Gapbi, Belorussiya joy giriftaand. Konhoi kaloni Namakhoi kaliy dar RDG (Shtasfurt), RFG (Gannover, Garts, Gessen, Baden), ShMA (Nyu-Meksiko, Kali­forniya), Kanada (Saskachevan), Fran­siya (Elzas), Italiya (jazirai Sitsiliya) niz malumand.

Namakhoi kaliy asosan dar khojagii qishloq istifoda meshavand. Ashyoi khomi asosii is­tehsoli nurihoi kaliydor meboshand. Inchunin dar sohahoi elekt­rometallurgiya, tib, suratgiri, pi­rotekhnika, istehsoli shisha,, sobun, rang va makhsusan dar sanoati khimiya (baroi istehsoli KSl, K₂CO₂, KON, KN0₃, K₂SO₄ va -fqhf) ba kor mebarand.

Ad.: V a l ya sh k o M. G., Geokhimiches­kie zakonomernosti formirovaniya mes­torojdeniy kaliynikh soley, M., 1962; Kashkarov O. D., Fiveg M. P.. Kaliynie i magnezialnie soli. M.— L.. 1963; YarjemskiY Ya. Ya., Kaliy­nie i kalienosnie galogennie porodi, Novosibirsk, 1967.